Table 3.
Multivariable logistic regression analyses for independent predictors associated with survival to hospital discharge
| Univariate analysis (n = 620) | Multivariable analysis | Multivariable analysis* | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | P value | OR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | P value | OR | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | P value | |
| Admission date (biweekly) | 1.07 | 1.00 | 1.14 | 0.042 | 1.11 | 1.02 | 1.20 | 0.017 | 1.09 | 1.00 | 1.19 | 0.049 |
| Age (years) | 0.94 | 0.93 | 0.95 | < 0.001 | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.93 | < 0.001 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.93 | < 0.001 |
| Male sex (reference: female) | 0.92 | 0.64 | 1.32 | 0.648 | 0.88 | 0.55 | 1.40 | 0.596 | 0.90 | 0.56 | 1.47 | 0.687 |
| BMI | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1.01 | 0.157 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 0.96 | < 0.001 | 0.93 | 0.90 | 0.96 | < 0.001 |
| Race and ethnicity (reference: White or Caucasian) | ||||||||||||
| Asian | 1.98 | 1.03 | 3.83 | 0.041 | 1.46 | 0.66 | 3.21 | 0.349 | 1.24 | 0.53 | 2.91 | 0.619 |
| Black or African American | 0.86 | 0.41 | 1.83 | 0.702 | 0.67 | 0.28 | 1.63 | 0.378 | 0.58 | 0.23 | 1.46 | 0.243 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 1.63 | 1.09 | 2.43 | 0.017 | 0.65 | 0.38 | 1.10 | 0.108 | 0.69 | 0.39 | 1.23 | 0.207 |
| Other/unknown | 2.01 | 1.18 | 3.43 | 0.010 | 1.69 | 0.85 | 3.37 | 0.136 | 1.74 | 0.84 | 3.59 | 0.135 |
| Median gross income ($1000) | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.03 | < 0.001 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.04 | < 0.001 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 1.04 | 0.112 |
| Smoking status (reference: never smoker) | ||||||||||||
| Current smoker | 1.23 | 0.53 | 2.82 | 0.633 | 1.13 | 0.4 | 3.19 | 0.819 | 1.18 | 0.40 | 3.50 | 0.764 |
| Former smoker | 0.51 | 0.35 | 0.74 | < 0.001 | 0.74 | 0.47 | 1.18 | 0.208 | 0.73 | 0.45 | 1.19 | 0.206 |
| Unknown | 0.58 | 0.31 | 1.07 | 0.081 | 0.7 | 0.32 | 1.51 | 0.365 | 0.72 | 0.32 | 1.64 | 0.436 |
| Marital status (reference: not married) | ||||||||||||
| Married | 1.23 | 0.87 | 1.72 | 0.241 | 1.49 | 0.97 | 2.3 | 0.067 | 1.50 | 0.95 | 2.38 | 0.081 |
| Unknown | 1.72 | 0.8 | 3.67 | 0.165 | 0.84 | 0.33 | 2.18 | 0.727 | 0.88 | 0.32 | 2.40 | 0.804 |
| Hypertension (reference: no) | 0.83 | 0.58 | 1.18 | 0.297 | 1.14 | 0.72 | 1.81 | 0.583 | 1.21 | 0.74 | 2.00 | 0.449 |
| Diabetes (reference: no) | 0.81 | 0.56 | 1.16 | 0.253 | 0.82 | 0.51 | 1.32 | 0.422 | 0.84 | 0.50 | 1.38 | 0.485 |
| Chronic kidney disease (reference: no) | 0.58 | 0.35 | 0.96 | 0.033 | 1.49 | 0.79 | 2.81 | 0.223 | 1.56 | 0.80 | 3.03 | 0.188 |
| Coronary artery disease (reference: no) | 0.88 | 0.49 | 1.57 | 0.663 | 1.28 | 0.62 | 2.63 | 0.499 | 1.18 | 0.56 | 2.52 | 0.659 |
| Congestive heart failure (reference: no) | 0.46 | 0.26 | 0.84 | 0.011 | 0.70 | 0.34 | 1.44 | 0.338 | 0.78 | 0.37 | 1.65 | 0.523 |
| COPD (reference: no) | 0.6 | 0.32 | 1.11 | 0.104 | 0.90 | 0.41 | 2.00 | 0.804 | 0.90 | 0.39 | 2.09 | 0.800 |
| Asthma (reference: no) | 1.98 | 0.84 | 4.67 | 0.1162 | 0.90 | 0.32 | 2.56 | 0.848 | 0.764 | 0.263 | 2.222 | 0.621 |
| Initial SOFA score | 0.83 | 0.78 | 0.88 | < 0.001 | 0.83 | 0.77 | 0.89 | < 0.001 | 0.820 | 0.760 | 0.885 | < 0.001 |
*Mixed effects logistic regression model including admission time, baseline patient characteristics as fixed effects, and a hospital indicator variable as a random effect