TABLE 1.

Overview of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Currently Available in the United States for the Treatment of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Agent	Route of Administration	Frequency	Dose	Injection Device and Preparation	Dosing Conditions
Exenatide (28)	Subcutaneous	Twice daily	• 5 µg per dose	• Multidose prefilled pen	≤1 hour before the two main meals of the day, ≥6 hours apart
			• Increase to 10 µg per dose after 1 month based on clinical response	• Needles not included; patients should be advised which needle length and gauge to use
				• Solution ready to use but needle needs to be attached before use
				• Pen must be activated before initial use
Liraglutide (23)*	Subcutaneous	Once daily	• 0.6 mg for 1 week, then 1.2 mg daily	• Multidose prefilled pen	Any time of day
			• Increase to 1.8 mg daily after a further week, if required	• Needles not included; patients must always use a new needle for each dose
				• Solution ready to use but needle needs to be attached before use
				• Pen must be activated before initial use
Lixisenatide (26)†	Subcutaneous	Once daily	• 10 µg for 14 days, then 20 µg	• Multidose prefilled pen	≤1 hour before the first meal of the day
				• Needles not included; patients should be advised which needle length and gauge to use
				• Pen must be activated before initial use
				• Solution ready to use but needle needs to be attached before use
Dulaglutide (22)	Subcutaneous	Once weekly	• 0.75 mg	• Single-dose prefilled pen	Any time of day
			• Increase to 1.5 mg if needed	• Ready to use
Exenatide ER (27,97)	Subcutaneous	Once weekly	• 2 mg	• Single-dose prefilled pen, single-dose syringe, or single-dose autoinjector	Any time of day
				• Needles provided
				• Syringe and pen require reconstitution before use
				• Doses must be injected immediately after preparation
Semaglutide (21)	Subcutaneous	Once weekly	• 0.25 mg	• Multidose prefilled pen	Any time of day
			• Increase to 0.5 mg after 4 weeks	• Needles provided
			• If required, increase to 1 mg after a further 4 weeks	• Solution ready to use but needle needs to be attached before use
Oral semaglutide (13)	Oral	Once daily	• 3 mg once daily	• Not applicable	Take with ≤4 fl oz (120 mL) of plain water, at least 30 minutes before the first food, beverage, or other oral medication of the day
			• Increase to 7 mg once daily after 30 days
			• If additional glycemic control is needed after at least 30 days on the 7-mg dose, increase to 14 mg once daily

^*Also available in a fixed-dose combination product with insulin degludec 100 units/mL.

^†Also available in a fixed-dose combination product with insulin glargine 100 units/mL. ER, extended release.