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. 2021 Feb 11;17:1744806921990946. doi: 10.1177/1744806921990946

Table 2.

Comparison of neurometabolites in right and left insula between fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls.


Right insula

Left insula
Metabolites Groups N mean SD p-value Metabolites Groups N mean SD p-value
Gln/tCr CON 6 0.354 0.060 0.837  Gln/tCr CON 5 0.496 0.183 0.219 
FM 9 0.344 0.093 FM 5 0.376 0.030
Glu/tCr CON 11 1.205 0.181 0.123  Glu/tCr CON 12 1.109 0.204 0.784 
FM 12 1.296 0.075 FM 12 1.129 0.152
GPC/tCr CON 11 0.244 0.037 0.380  GPC/tCr CON 10 0.268 0.049 0.157 
FM 12 0.256 0.024 FM 12 0.243 0.021
GSH/tCr CON 11 0.269 0.053 0.140  GSH/tCr CON 10 0.301 0.069 0.445 
FM 12 0.298 0.041 FM 11 0.278 0.062
mI/tCr CON 11 0.641 0.100 0.626  mI/tCr CON 11 0.701 0.112 0.095 
FM 12 0.660 0.091 FM 12 0.793 0.137
NAA/tCr CON 11 0.993 0.192 0.987  NAA/tCr CON 10 0.808 0.317 0.742 
FM 12 0.992 0.190 FM 12 0.871 0.264
NAAG/tCr CON 8 0.355 0.153 0.751  NAAG/tCr CON 9 0.662 0.242 0.553 
FM 3 0.388 0.121 FM 3 0.571 0.118
tCho/tCr CON 11 0.265 0.054 0.607  tCho/tCr CON 12 0.276 0.063 0.110 
FM 12 0.256 0.024 FM 12 0.243 0.021
tNAA/tCr CON 11 1.275 0.105 0.019  tNAA/tCr CON 12 1.199 0.137 0.007 
FM 12 1.159 0.111 FM 12 1.044 0.115
Glx/tCr CON 11 1.473 0.257 0.085  Glx/tCr CON 12 1.436 0.307 0.782 
FM 12 1.611 0.111 FM 12 1.403 0.271

Gray color: Mann-Whitney U test, White background: Student t-test, bold letter: significant results.

CON; healthy controls, FM; fibromyalgia.