Table 2.
Results From Primary Effect Models Investigating Associations With Rate of Cognitive Decline and Baseline Cognitive Function (n = 350)
| Global cognition | Executive function | Episodic memory | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β ± SE | p Value | β ± SE | p Value | β ± SE | p Value | |
| Western pattern | ||||||
| Time | −0.36 ± 0.06 | <.001 | −0.14 ± 0.26 | .604 | −0.19 ± 0.05 | <.001 |
| Diet | −0.23 ± 0.19 | .226 | 0.23 ± 0.71 | .739 | −0.28 ± 0.14 | .046 |
| Diet × Time | −0.16 ± 0.06 | .009 | −0.60 ± 0.27 | .027 | −0.02 ± 0.05 | .705 |
| Prudent pattern | ||||||
| Time | −0.35 ± 0.06 | <.001 | −0.12 ± 0.26 | .640 | −0.19 ± 0.05 | <.001 |
| Diet | 0.10 ± 0.19 | .593 | 0.40 ± 0.70 | .560 | 0.08 ± 0.14 | .547 |
| Diet × Time | −0.06 ± 0.06 | .339 | −0.01 ± 0.27 | .984 | 0.01 ± 0.05 | .819 |
| CSL indicator | ||||||
| Time | −0.29 ± 0.08 | .001 | −0.09 ± 0.57 | .718 | −0.17 ± 0.07 | .011 |
| CSL | 1.96 ± 0.35 | <.001 | 3.96 ± 1.31 | .002 | 0.36 ± 0.26 | .126 |
| CSL × Time | −0.15 ± 0.13 | .217 | −0.09 ± 0.36 | .661 | −0.04 ± 0.11 | .638 |
Notes: β = regression coefficient; CSL = cognitively stimulating lifestyle; SE = standard error. All models adjusted for total energy intake, age, sex, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, hypertension, type 2 diabetes. Models for dietary patterns are also adjusted for CSL. Models for the CSL indicator are also adjusted for the Western and prudent dietary patterns.