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. 2020 Sep 5;76(3):632–641. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa146

Table 1.

Characteristics of Volunteers and Non-Volunteers (a) and the Voluntary Work of Those Who Do Volunteer (b) (Baseline [Wave 7])

Volunteering status at baseline (Wave 7)
Volunteer (%) Non-volunteer (%)
(a) Characteristics of volunteers and non-volunteers
 Female 59.43 57.83
 Age
  Male mean age 72.35 74.47
  Female mean age 71.35 74.07
 Ethnicity
  Non-white 2.67 3.16
 Marital status
  Married or cohabiting 71.37 62.93
 Wealth
  Poorest 9.53 20.40
  2nd 12.35 19.07
  Middle 21.23 22.56
  4th 25.99 20.75
  Wealthiest 30.91 17.22
 Self-reported health
  Excellent 12.50 6.74
  Very good 35.68 24.75
  Good 34.40 33.1
  Fair 14.39 24.96
  Poor 3.03 10.44
 Participation in other activities
  In paid work 8.49 9.14
  Provides care 18.18 9.56
(b) Of those who volunteer
 Does not feel appreciated for volunteering 8.23
 Volunteers at Waves 7 and 8 59.29
 Stops volunteering by Wave 8 22.71
 Starts volunteering by Wave 8 18.00
 Participates in three or more activities 71.16
 Participates in formal volunteering 90.64
  One activity 19.72
  Two or more activities 80.28
 Participates in informal volunteering 56.97
  One activity 49.89
  Two or more activities 50.11
Unweighted base 1,127 2,613