Table 2.

Definitions of Themes and Subthemes

Themes	Subthemes	Definitions
Perceptions of prescription opioids and misuse	Definition of opioids	Descriptions or definitions of what participants believe to be opioid medications.
	Examples of opioids	Specific examples of what participants believe are opioid medications.
	Examples of opioid misuse	Actions that participants consider misuse of prescription opioids.
	Disposal and storage of prescription opioids	Participant discussion of proper or improper disposal or storage of prescription opioids.
	Sharing medications with family	Discussion regarding family members sharing opioid medications or giving participants incorrect dosages.
Prevalence of prescription opioid misuse	Limited personal experience	Participants describe having limited personal experience with opioid misuse among their peers.
	Regional experience	Participants describe prescription opioid misuse local or regional opioid misuse patterns or prevalence.
	Teen substance misuse	Participants discuss experience with non-opioid substance misuse among peers.
Reasons for prescription opioid misuse	Mental health challenges	Mental health–related issues as reasons for prescription opioid misuse among teens.
	Stress	Stress as a reason for prescription opioid misuse among teens, including school-related stress.
	Peer or family influence	Peer or family influence as a reason for prescription opioid misuse among teens, including pressures to fit in with peers or family member use of opioids.
	Recreational use	Recreational reasons for teen prescription opioid misuse, such as partying, curiosity, or “getting high.”
	Pain	Minimizing pain or preventing further pain as reasons for teen misuse of prescription opioids.
	Addiction	Addiction or dependence as reasons teens misuse prescription opioids.
	Other reasons for opioid misuse	Reasons teens misuse prescription opioids besides mental health challenges, stress, peer or family influence, recreational use, pain, or addiction.
Consequences of prescription opioid misuse	Physical health consequences	Discussion of health consequences of prescription opioid misuse, not including effects on mental health.
	Overdose, addiction, and death	Discussion of overdose, addiction, dependence, tolerance, or death due to misuse of prescription opioids.
	Mental health consequences	Discussion of any mental health or emotional consequences due to prescription opioid misuse, including changes in self-esteem and motivation.
	Damaged relationships and personality changes	Discussion of effects on a person’s relationships and reputation or changes to personality due to their misuse of prescription opioids.
	Decline in school or work performance	Discussion of poor or changed performance in school or at work due to misuse of prescription drug use.
	Poor decision-making and legal issues	Discussion of legal issues and poor decision-making as a results of prescription drug misuse.
Sources of medication information	Television	Participants state that they received information about opioid medications through television.
	Family	Participants describe learning about medications from family or going to family members for medication information.
	Health care professionals	Participants describe learning about medications from health care professionals or going to health care professionals for medication information.
	Medication leaflets and pamphlets	Participants state that they have learned about medications through leaflets, pamphlets, prescription bottles, or other resources distributed at clinics, pharmacies, and hospitals.
	Online	Participants describe previously learning about medications through online resources or searching for medication information online.
	Peers	Participants describe discussing medications with peers or other people with similar prescriptions and health conditions.