Table 3. Association between different components of emotional support during childbirth and background characteristics among women giving birth in a facility (N = 503).
Had a companion of choice during labour or childbirth | Offered or allowed to give birth in the position of their choice | Were allowed to eat and drink during labour | Were allowed to be ambulatory during the first stages of labour | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | OR (CI) | AOR (CI) | % | OR (CI) | AOR (CI) | % | OR (CI) | AOR (CI) | % | OR (CI) | AOR (CI) | |
Age of woman | ||||||||||||
15–24 | 57.6 | Ref | Ref | 26.7 | Ref | Ref | 34.7 | Ref | Ref | 47.7 | Ref | Ref |
25–34 | 52.3 | 0.81 (0.56–1.2) |
__ | 26.6 | 0.99 (0.66–1.5) |
__ | 31.8 | 0.87 (0.60–1.3) |
__ | 44.4 | 0.87 (0.61–1.3) |
__ |
35+ | 59.3 | 1.1 (0.48–2.4) |
__ | 25.9 | 0.96 (0.39–2.4) |
__ | 37.0 | 1.1 (0.49–2.5) |
__ | 44.4 | 0.88 (0.40–1.9) |
__ |
Education | ||||||||||||
0–9 years | 58.3 | Ref | Ref | 29.8 | Ref | Ref | 34.1 | Ref | Ref | 46.3 | Ref | Ref |
10 or more years | 50.3 | 0.72 (0.50–1.0) |
0.72 (0.47–1.1) |
20.9 | 0.62 (0.40–0.96) |
0.63 (0.39–1.0) |
32.8 | 0.94 (0.64–1.4) |
__ | 45.8 | 0.98 (0.68–1.4) |
__ |
Religion | ||||||||||||
Muslim | 57.2 | Ref | Ref | 26.9 | Ref | Ref | 33.9 | Ref | Ref | 46.5 | Ref | Ref |
Other | 5.9 | 0.05 (0.01–0.36) |
0.05 (0.01–0.36) |
17.7 | 0.58 (0.16–2.1) |
__ | 23.5 | 0.60 (0.19–1.9) | __ | 35.3 | 0.63 (0.23–1.7) |
__ |
Family size | ||||||||||||
≤4 | 59.3 | Ref | Ref | 32.7 | Ref | Ref | 31.3 | Ref | Ref | 48 | Ref | Ref |
≥5 | 53.8 | 0.80 (0.54–1.2) |
__ | 24.1 | 0.65 (0.43–0.99) |
0.66 (0.42–1.0) |
34.6 | 1.2 (0.77–1.7) |
__ | 45.3 | 0.90 (0.61–1.3) |
__ |
Parity | ||||||||||||
Nulliparous | 50.3 | Ref | Ref | 22.3 | Ref | Ref | 33.5 | Ref | Ref | 50.3 | Ref | Ref |
Multiparous | 58.7 | 1.4 (0.98–2.0) |
1.2 (0.84–1.8) |
29.4 | 1.5 (0.97–2.2) |
1.4 (0.93–2.2) |
33.9 | 1.0 (0.69–1.5) |
__ | 43.9 | 0.77 (0.54–1.1) |
__ |
Type of birth attendant | ||||||||||||
Nurses/midwives/paramedics | 64.0 | Ref | Ref | 36 | Ref | Ref | 50 | Ref | Ref | 66.0 | Ref | Ref |
Doctor | 54.5 | 0.67 (0.37–1.2) |
__ | 25.6 | 0.61 (0.33–1.1) |
0.55 (0.28–1.1) |
31.8 | 0.47 (0.26–0.84) |
0.53 (0.28–0.97) |
44.0 | 0.40 (0.22–0.75) |
0.48 (0.26–0.91) |
Type of health facility | ||||||||||||
Public facility | 71.1 | Ref | Ref | 31.1 | Ref | Ref | 51.1 | Ref | Ref | 66.7 | Ref | Ref |
Private facility | 53.9 | 0.48 (0.24–0.93) |
0.52 (0.26–0.99) |
26.2 | 0.79 (0.40–1.5) |
0.55 (0.29–1.0) |
31.9 | 0.45 (0.24–0.83) |
0.55 (0.29–1.0) |
44.1 | 0.39 (0.21–0.75) |
0.49 (0.25–0.97) |
ANC from facility | ||||||||||||
No | 38.9 | Ref | Ref | 13.7 | Ref | Ref | 35.8 | Ref | Ref | 45.3 | Ref | Ref |
Yes | 59.3 | 2.3 (1.4–3.6) |
2.5 (1.6–4.0) |
29.7 | 2.7 (1.4–4.9) |
2.6 (1.4–5.0) |
33.1 | 0.89 (0.56–1.4) |
__ | 46.3 | 1.0 (0.67–1.6) |
__ |
Husband living status | ||||||||||||
Lives with wife | 56.4 | Ref | Ref | 25.5 | Ref | Ref | 32.8 | Ref | Ref | 43.2 | Ref | Ref |
Lives in other places within the country or abroad | 54.5 | 0.93 (0.65–1.3) |
__ | 27.9 | 1.1 (0.76–1.7) |
__ | 34.4 | 1.1 (0.74–1.6) |
__ | 49.2 | 1.3 (0.89–1.8) |
__ |
Income generating activities | ||||||||||||
No | 55.9 | ref | Ref | 27.3 | ref | Ref | 34.1 | Ref | Ref | 46.4 | Ref | Ref |
Yes | 43.8 | 0.61 (0.23–1.7) |
__ | 6.3 | 0.18 (0.02–1.4) |
0.16 (0.02–1.3) |
18.8 | 0.45 (0.13–1.6) |
__ | 37.5 | 0.69 (0.25–1.9) |
__ |
Wealth quintile | ||||||||||||
Lowest | 70.6 | Ref | Ref | 45.1 | Ref | Ref | 51.0 | Ref | Ref | 64.7 | Ref | Ref |
Second | 53.3 | 0.48 (0.23–0.99) |
0.50 (0.24–1.1) |
23.3 | 0.37 (0.18–0.77) |
0.37 (0.18–0.79) |
32.2 | 0.46 (0.23–0.93) |
0.47 (0.23–0.97) |
45.6 | 0.46 (0.22–0.93) |
0.47 (0.23–0.97) |
Middle | 50 | 0.42 (0.20–0.86) |
0.48 (0.22–1.0) |
20.2 | 0.31 (0.15–0.65) |
0.35 (0.16–0.75) |
34.0 | 0.50 (0.25–0.99) |
0.54 (0.27–1.1) |
44.7 | 0.44 (0.22–0.89) |
0.48 (0.24–0.99) |
Fourth | 52.3 | 0.46 (0.22–0.93) |
0.54 (0.25–1.1) |
24.3 | 0.39 (0.19–0.79) |
0.45 (0.22–0.94) |
29.7 | 0.41 (0.21–0.81) |
0.42 (0.21–0.84) |
47.8 | 0.50 (0.25–0.99) |
0.52 (0.26–1.0) |
Highest | 57.3 | 0.56 (0.28–1.1) |
0.69 (0.33–1.4) |
28.0 | 0.47 (0.25–0.91) |
0.62 (0.31–1.2) |
31.2 | 0.44 (0.23–0.83) |
0.48 (0.25–0.93) |
40.1 | 0.37 (0.19–0.71) |
0.41 (0.21–0.79) |