Table 5. Treatment for syphilis-exposed infants according to maternal syphilis seroprevalence (n = 115 countries*).

	Maternal syphilis prevalence <1% (n = 73)	Maternal syphilis prevalence ≥1% (n = 42)	p-value
Treatment for exposed infant according to WHO† guidelines (penicillin administration)
Aqueous benzyl penicillin 100,000–150,000 U/kg/day IV for 10–15 days	21 (29%)	23 (55%)	0.02
Procaine penicillin 50,000 U/kg/day single dose IM for 10–15 days	57 (78%)	26 (62)	0.06
BPG 50,000 U/kg/day as single IM dose	59 (81%)	27 (64%)	0.05
Follow-up of exposed infants described
Infant non-treponemal tests at birth	22 (30%)	24 (57%)	<0.01
Infant non-treponemal tests at 6–12 week	60 (82%)	26 (62%)	0.02
Follow up exam at 6–12 weeks	20 (27%)	23 (56%)	<0.01

*There were 13 countries with no available maternal syphilis seroprevalence data.

BPG = benzathine penicillin G.

^†World Health Organization.