Table 5.
Subgroup of the association between obesity, overweight, and BMI and incidence of kidney cancer
| Stratification criteria | Overweight, RR (95% CI) | Obesity, RR (95% CI) | Per 5 kg/m2, RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 1.28 (1.16, 1.41) | 1.65 (1.56, 1.74) | 1.18 (1.13, 1.23) |
| Female | 1.51 (1.32, 1.72) | 2 (1.91, 2.08) | 1.27 (1.23, 1.32) | |
| P value | 0.049 | 0.000 | 0.009 | |
| Age | Age < 50 | 1.43 (1.3, 1.57) | 2.05 (1.84, 2.28) | |
| Age ≥ 50 | 1.41 (1.37, 1.45) | 1.7 (1.62, 1.78) | ||
| P value | 0.779 | 0.020 | ||
| Study location | Asia | 1.59 (1.41, 1.8) | 2.06 (1.26, 3.37) | 1.23 (0.79, 1.92) |
| North America | 1.41 (1.33, 1.46) | 1.9 (1.77, 2.04) | 1.19 (1.1, 1.28) | |
| Europe | 1.22 (1.18, 1.27) | 1.67 (1.58, 1.77) | 1.19 (1.14, 1.25) | |
| Asia versus North America (P value) | 0.072 | 0.750 | 0.031 | |
| Asia versus Europe (P value) | 0.000 | 0.406 | 0.013 | |
| North America versus Europe (P value) | 0.000 | 0.005 | 1.000 | |
| Measure | BMI measured | 1.26 (1.21, 1.31) | 1.69 (1.59, 1.8) | 1.24 (1.14, 1.35) |
| BMI self-measured | 1.35 (1.28, 1.42) | 1.86 (1.74, 1.99) | 1.15 (1.11, 1.2) | |
| P value | 0.755 | 0.400 | 0.113 | |
| Duration | Duration of follow-up ≥ 10 years | 1.28 (1.23, 1.33) | 1.78 (1.67, 1.89) | |
| Duration of follow-up < 10 years | 1.32 (1.19, 1.45) | 1.76 (1.57, 1.97) | ||
| P value | 0.570 | 0.864 | ||
| Physical | Physical activity | 1.33 (1.24, 1.42) | 1.75 (1.58, 1.94) | |
| No physical activity | 1.27 (1.21, 1.32) | 1.78 (1.67, 1.9) | ||
| P value | 0.261 | 0.780 | ||
| Hypertension | Hypertension | 1.36 (1.25, 1.49) | 1.93 (1.74, 2.16) | |
| No hypertension | 1.27 (1.22, 1.32) | 1.72 (1.62, 1.83) | ||
| P value | 0.163 | 0.069 | ||
| Alcohol | Alcohol | 1.29 (1.21, 1.38) | 1.62 (1.49, 1.75) | |
| No alcohol | 1.22 (1.16, 1.29) | 1.82 (1.72, 1.92) | ||
| P value | 0.685 | 0.019 | ||
| Smoking | Smoking | 1.25 (1.21, 1.29) | 1.1 (1.04, 1.15) | |
| No smoking | 1.1 (1.05, 1.15) | 1.11 (1.07, 1.15) | ||
| P value | 0.077 | 0.293 | ||