Table 3.
Quality Assessment of Included Studiesa
| Selection Bias | Performance Bias | Detection Bias | Attrition Bias | Reporting Bias | Other Bias | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Random Sequence Generation | Allocation Concealment | Blinding of Participants and Personnel | Blinding of Outcome Assessment | Incomplete Outcome Data | Selective Reporting | Other Bias |
| Betrosian et al [5] | + | ? | - | - | + | + | + |
| Cisneros et al [6] | + | + | - | - | + | + | + |
| Khalili et al [7] | + | ? | - | - | + | + | + |
| Mosaed et al [8] | + | ? | - | - | ? | + | + |
| Motsch et al [9] | + | + | + | + | + | + | ? |
a+, low risk of bias; “?” Unclear risk of bias; “-” high risk of bias.