Fig. 1.

Trio family proteins integrate signaling from a wide array of interaction partners to impact cell behaviors. Trio family proteins relay signaling with adhesion receptors, lipids, kinases, secretory and endocytic machinery, cytoskeleton-associated proteins, and guidance receptors to regulate secretion and trafficking, tissue organization, and cell migration and morphogenesis. Much, but not all, of this signaling is achieved through Trio catalytic activities on Rho family GTPases. Domains of the Trio proteins: SR, spectrin repeats; DH, Dbl homology; PH, pleckstrin homology; GEF, guanine nucleotide exchange factor; SH3, Src homology 3; Ig, immunoglobulin-like.