Table 1.
Patient demographics and characteristics
| Study | Rodriguez et al |
Williams et al |
Pelargonio et al |
Kempa et al |
Kutarski et al |
El-Chami et al |
Yagishita et al |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Old | Young | Old | Young | Old | Young | Old | Young | Old | Young | Old | Young | Old | Young | |
| Patients | 118 | 388 | 72 | 334 | 150 | 699 | 26 | 134 | 192 | 1060 | 100 | 674 | 51 | 184 |
| Age, y | 85±4 | 64±12 | 84±3 | 62±14 | 84±3 | 61±10 | 84±3 | 60±14 | 83±3 | 63±13 | 85±4 | 60±15 | 86±5 | 67±15 |
| Male | 78 (66) | 301 (78) | 53 (74) | 258 (77) | 96 (64) | 556 (80) | 16 (62) | 97 (72) | 105 (55) | 669 (63) | 63 (63) | 446 (66) | 34 (68) | 133 (73) |
| Lead age, mo | 60±53 | 39±44 | 71 | 74 | 42 | 29 | 55 | 40 | 76 | 84 | 71 | 67 | 110 | 88 |
| EF | 42±17 | 35±19 | 42±14 | 45±13 | 49±13 | 42±14 | 44±10 | 40±15 | NR | NR | 43±15 | 36±17 | 57±15 | 54±16 |
| Device type | ||||||||||||||
| PPM | 68 (56) | 141 (36) | 46 (64) | 172 (51) | 126 (84) | 385 (55) | 24 (92) | 67 (50) | 147 (77) | 593 (56) | 36 (36) | 70 (10) | 42 (82) | 93 (51) |
| ICD | 35 (28) | 181 (47) | 11 (15) | 96 (29) | 24 (16) | 314 (45) | 2 (8) | 63 (47) | 14 (7) | 305 (29) | 48 (48) | 496 (74) | 3 (6) | 63 (34) |
| CRT-P | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 20 (6) | Bi-V: | Bi-V: | Bi-V: | Bi-V: | Bi-V: | Bi-V: | Bi-V | Bi-V: | 3 (6) | 4 (2) |
| CRT-D | 13 (13) | 65 (16) | 14 (19) | 46 (14) | 38 | 170 | 0 (0) | 4 (3) | 31 (16) | 162 (15) | 16 (16) | 108 (16) | 3 (6) | 24 (13) |
| Indications | ||||||||||||||
| Infection | 99 (84) | 296 (76) | 58 (80) | 207 (62) | 133 (89) | 573 (82) | 15 (58) | 64 (48) | 102 (53) | 448 (42) | 47 (47) | 225 (33) | 50 (98) | 116 (63) |
| Lead failure | 17 (14) | 84 (21) | 9 (13) | 96 (29) | NR | NR | 6 (23) | 56 (42) | NR | NR | 39 (39) | 339 (50) | 1 (2) | 49 (27) |
| Device upgrade | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 7 (7) | 64 (10) | 0 (0) | 9 (5) |
| SVC syndrome | NR | NR | 1 (1) | 3 (1) | NR | NR | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | NR | NR | NR | NR | 0 (0) | 2 (1) |
| Chronic pain | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 0 (0) | 2 (1) |
| Other | NR | NR | 4 (6) | 28 (8) | NR | NR | 5 (19) | 12 (9) | NR | NR | 7 (7) | 46 (7) | 0 (0) | 6 (3) |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||||||||
| HTN | 104 (88) | 324 (84) | 25 (41) | 89 (30) | 122 (81) | 502 (72) | 16 (62) | 61 (46) | NR | NR | 77 (77) | 411 (61) | 27 (53) | 70 (38) |
| DM | 45 (38) | 190 (49) | 6 (10) | 30 (10) | 60 (40) | 222 (32) | 11 (42) | 37 (28) | NR | NR | 19 (19) | 206 (31) | 13 (26) | 40 (22) |
| CAD | 72 (61) | 261 (67) | 35 (57) | 117 (38) | 41 (27) | 264 (38) | 12 (47) | 60 (45) | NR | NR | 50 (50) | 265 (39) | 10 (20) | 31 (17) |
| CKD | 26 (22) | 84 (22) | 12 (18) | 44 (14) | 83 (55) | 182 (26) | 4 (15) | 21 (16) | NR | NR | 25 (25) | 131 (19) | 3 (6) | 7 (4) |
| CVA | NR | NR | 8 (13) | 18 (6) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| COPD | NR | NR | 7 (12) | 28 (9) | 69 (46) | 133 (19) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Values presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and number (percentage) for categorical variables.
Bi-V = biventricular; CAD = coronary artery disease; CKD = chronic kidney disease; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRT-D = cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator; CRT-P = cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker; CVA = cerebrovascular accident; DM = diabetes mellitus; EF = ejection fraction; HTN = hypertension; ICD = implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; NR = not reported; PPM = permanent pacemaker; SVC = superior vena cava.