TABLE I.

Examples of bioink, aqueous phase crosslinker, and gelation mechanism for FRESH printing and commonly used bioinks and their appropriate crosslinker that can be incorporated into the aqueous phase of the FRESH microparticle support bath.

Bioink	Crosslinker	Gelation mechanism
Alginate	CaCl2	Ionic
Fibrinogen	Thrombin	Enzymatic
Collagen type I (acidified)	pH buffer (e.g., PBS, NaOH, and 50 mM HEPES)	pH change
Decellularized ECM (acidified)	pH buffer (e.g., PBS, NaOH, and 50 mM HEPES)	pH change
Methacrylated gelatin	Photoinitiator (e.g., Irgacure, LAP, and Riboflavin)	Photocrosslinking
Methacrylated hyaluronic acid	Photoinitiator (e.g., Irgacure, LAP, and Riboflavin)	Photocrosslinking