Table 1.

Common Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes used for initial search criteria from August 2016 to June 2019.

CPT code	Description
27766	Open treatment of medial malleolus fracture, includes internal fixation
27769	Open treatment of posterior malleolar fracture, includes internal fixation
27792	Open treatment of distal fibula fracture (lateral malleolus), includes internal fixation
27814	Open treatment of bimalleolar ankle fracture (ie, lateral and medial malleolar, lateral and posterior malleoli, or medial and posterior malleoli), includes internal fixation
27822	Open treatment of trimalleolar ankle fracture, includes internal fixation when performed, medial and/or lateral; with fixation of posterior lip
27823	Open treatment of trimalleolar ankle fracture, includes internal fixation when performed, medial and/or lateral malleolus, with fixation of posterior lip