Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristic | Patients (N=100) | |
| Male/Female | 44/56 | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 53.4 (12.5) | |
| Height (cm), mean (SD) | 161.8 (8.5) | |
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 62.2 (12.2) | |
| ASA PSa 1/2/3 | 22/76/2 | |
| Type of surgery, n |
|
|
|
|
Breast | 29 |
|
|
Colorectal | 19 |
|
|
Hepatobiliary | 12 |
|
|
Stomach | 30 |
|
|
Thyroid | 10 |
| Postoperative pain intensity at PACUb, n |
|
|
|
|
No (VASc=0) | 7 |
|
|
Mild (0 < VAS ≤ 30) | 11 |
|
|
Moderate (30 < VAS ≤ 70) | 58 |
|
|
Severe (70 < VAS ≤ 100) | 24 |
aASA PS: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status.
bPACU: postanesthesia care unit.
cVAS: Visual Analog Scale (0=no pain; 100=the most severe pain).