Table 2.

Associations between baseline comorbidity, CKD stage and all-cause mortality

	Entire cohort	Baseline comorbidity
		Diabetes	Hypertension	MI	Stroke*
Stage 2 CKD	1.11 (1.03–1.18)	1.27 (0.92–1.29)	1.14 (0.91–1.37)	1.21 (1.13–1.36)	OR 1.02 (0.96–1.26)
Stage 3a CKD	1.54 (1.43–1.67)	1.23 (1.23–1.23)	1.23 (1.23–1.23)	1.56 (1.54–2.05)	OR 1.71 (1.03–2.40)
Stage 3b CKD	2.22 (1.80–2.73)	1.40 (1.40–1.40)	1.40 (1.40–1.40)	1.99 (1.98–2.00)	OR 1.17 (1.17–1.17)
Stage 4 CKD	3.01 (2.40–3.76)	6.42 (5.19–9.50)	3.51 (2.62–3.54)	4.82 (4.11–5.83)	OR 3.62 (2.84–3.79)
Stage 5 CKD	4.26 (3.21–5.63)	9.49 (9.49–9.49)	–	5.21 (3.88–6.54)	–

Data are median (interquartile range; IQR) hazard ratios from all 323 studies that met the inclusion criteria and reported associations between CKD stage and all-cause mortality. Risks are for each CKD stage vs. stage 1 (or without) CKD

CKD chronic kidney disease, MI myocardial infarction, OR odds ratio

*There were no studies identified that reported the risk of all-cause mortality with advancing CKD in patients with prior stroke as hazard ratios; therefore, data from one study that reported risk as odds ratios [OR: median (IQR)] is presented