1	Apical part (stylus) arising well before the caudal end of basal part (gonarcus) in gonocoxites 9 (Fig. 1a–c) subgenus Xeroconiopteryx	2
–	Apical part (stylus) arising from the caudal end of basal part (gonarcus) in gonocoxites 9 (Figs 1d, 6a, b, 8a, b, 10a, b) subgenus Coniopteryx	5
2	Anterior margin arched on sternite 9 laterally (Fig. 1a)	C. (X.) mongolica
–	Anterior margin straight on sternite 9 laterally (Fig. 1b, c)	3
3	Apodeme along anterior margin ventrally incomplete (Fig. 2a)	C. (X.) qiongana
–	Apodeme along anterior margin ventrally complete (Fig. 2b)	4
4	Apical part (stylus) of gonocoxites 9 slender laterally (Fig. 1b)	C. (X.) minana
–	Apical part (stylus) of gonocoxites 9 widening in middle part laterally (Fig. 1c)	C. (X.) unguigonarcuata
5	Male head with prominent frontal lobe (Fig. 5a–c) Coniopteryx lobifrons group (3 species)	6
–	Male head without prominent frontal lobe (Figs 7b, 9b)	8
6	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 hammer-like laterally (Fig. 3a)	C. (C.) dactylifrons
–	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 not hammer-like laterally (Figs 3b, 6a, b)	9
7	Gonocoxites 10 subtriangular apically laterally (Fig. 3b)	C. (C.) protrufrons
–	Gonocoxites 10 not subtriangular apically laterally (Fig. 6a, b)	C. (C.) alticola
8	Male antennae with peculiar outgrowths (Fig. 4a–d) Coniopteryx falciger group (4 species)	9
–	Male antennae without peculiar outgrowths (Figs 7a, b, 9a, b)	12
9	The first two flagellar segments with acute projections (Fig. 4a)	C. (C.) bispinalis
–	The first two flagellar segments without acute projections (Fig. 4b–d)	10
10	The last flagellar segments with a curved claw-like hair (Fig. 4b)	C. (C.) prehensilis
–	The last flagellar segments without claw-like hairs (Fig. 4c, d)	11
11	Antennae with one long bristle on middle segments (Fig. 4c)	C. (C.) unispinalis
–	Antennae with two acute projections on middle segments (Fig. 4d)	C. (C.) gibberosa
12	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 pick-like (Fig. 10a, b, g) or hammer-like in shape (Fig. 3c, d) Coniopteryx tineiformis group (4 species)	13
–	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 not pick- and hammer-like in shape (Figs 3f–h, 8a, b) Coniopteryx exigua group (13 species)	16
13	Bottom of median incision rounded in a U-shape (Fig. 2c)	C. (C.) wuyishana
–	Bottom of median incision narrowing in a V-shape (Fig. 10e, f)	14
14	Processus apicalis of gonocoxites 10 pick-like (Fig. 10a, b)	C. (C.) serrata sp. nov.
–	Processus apicalis of gonocoxites 10 hammer-like (Fig. 3c, d)	15
15	Median incision deep in ventral view (Fig. 2d)	C. (C.) alifera
–	Median incision shallow in ventral view (Fig. 2e)	C. (C.) pygmaea
16	Anterior margin arched on sternite 9 laterally (Fig. 1d)	C. (C.) praecisa
–	Anterior margin straight on sternite 9 laterally (Fig. 8a, b)	17
17	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 sickle-like in shape (Fig. 3e)	C. (C.) crispicornis
–	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 not sickle-like in shape (Figs 3f–h, 8a, b)	18
18	Basal flagellar segments more than three times as long as wide (Fig. 4e)	C. (C.) miraparameris
–	Basal flagellar segments at most two times as long as wide (Fig. 7a, b)	19
19	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 widening abruptly (Meinander 1972: 245, fig. 156)	C. (C.) pallescens
–	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 not widening abruptly (Figs 3f–h, 8g)	20
20	Caudal edge of gonocoxites 10 serrate apically (Fig. 8g)	C. (C.) tenuisetosa sp. nov.
–	Caudal edge of gonocoxites 10 not serrate apically (Fig. 3f–h)	21
21	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 directed downwards perpendicularly (Fig. 3f)	C. (C.) aspoecki
–	Distal part of gonocoxites 10 not directed downwards perpendicularly (Fig. 3g, h)	22
22	Middle part of gonocoxites 10 curved downward in a blunt angle (Fig. 3g)	23
–	Middle part of gonocoxites 10 not curved downward (Fig. 3h)	24
23	Median incision U-shaped (Meinander 1972: 244, fig. 155)	C. (C.) sularis
–	Median incision V-shaped (Fig. 2f)	C. (C.) choui
24	Sternite 9 with strong longitudinal apodeme (Fig. 2g)	C. (C.) plagiotropa
–	Sternite 9 without longitudinal apodeme (Fig. 2h–j)	25
25	Median incision almost equal to the half of width of sternite 9 (Fig. 2h)	26
–	Median incision smaller than the half of width of sternite 9 (Fig. 2i, j)	27
26	Median incision very deep and narrow (Fig. 2h)	C. (C.) compressa
–	Median incision very shallow and wide (Meinander 1972: 238, fig. 151)	C. (C.) ambigua
27	Median incision without a transverse inner plate in caudal view (Fig. 1e)	C. (C.) exigua
–	Median incision with a transverse inner plate in caudal view (Fig. 1f)	C. (C.) guangxiana