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. 2021 Feb 17;11:3981. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83264-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Summary of methods and key findings in the present study. Posterior view of two right archaeological femora from Talasiu individuals estimated as female (♀, ID: Sk3.1) and male (♂, ID: Sk3.2) shows the sectioning location (black dashed line) and approximate sample removed (red dashed box). Methodological steps included synchrotron sourced infrared microspectroscopy to measure bone mineral composition, histomorphometry to estimate Haversian canal densities (red dots), and laser confocal scanning of bone topography to provide a qualitative illustration of intra-cortical bone porosity producing trabecularisation.