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. 2021 Feb 17;12:1087. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21431-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — Representative confocal SERS images of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and fractalkine (CX3CL1) with the concentration of a 2.6 aM, b 26 aM, c 260 aM, d 1031 aM. Colour scale bars indicate Raman intensities from 5,5-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-mercaptobenzoic acid (TFMBA), or 2‐mercapto‐4‐methyl‐5‐thiazoleacetic acid (MMTAA). The median (interquartile range) of active pillars per scanning image of FGF-2, G-CSF, GM-CSF, CX3CL1 for 2.6 aM: 3 (1.5–3), 1 (1–2), 2 (1–3), 2 (1–3); 26 aM: 8 (5.5–10), 10 (9–13), 7 (6–10), 8 (6–10); 260 aM: 40 (36–48), 40 (35–52), 39 (35–50), 37 (36–49); and 1031 aM: 79 (61.5–97), 78 (72–87.5), 88 (68.5–97), 79 (64–95), respectively. Data represents one experiment from three independent tests.