Table 3.
Characteristics of fungal infections in autopsy reports by genus.
| A. Characteristics of fungal infections in autopsy reports between 1930 and 2015 by genus | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fungal infections | Aspergil (n = 122; 11.2%) | Cand (n = 198; 18%) | Chromo (n = 7; 0.6%) | Crypto (n = 123; 11.2%) | Histo (n = 42; 3.8%) | Mucor (n = 7; 0.6%) | Paraco (n = 262; 24%) | Pneumo (n = 129; 11.7%) | Undef (n = 206; 19%) | Total (n = 1096; 100%) | |
| Sex | Female | 55 (45) | 88 (44) | 0 (0) | 30 (24.4) | 15 (36) | 5 (71) | 31 (12) | 40 (31) | 76 (37) | 340 (31) |
| Male | 67 (55) | 110 (56) | 7 (100) | 93 (75.6) | 27 (64) | 2 (29) | 231 (88) | 89 (69) | 130 (63) | 756 (69) | |
| Age group | Newborns | 1 (1) | 43 (22) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (9.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2) | 23 (11.2) | 73 (6.7) |
| 1 month–14 years | 15 (12) | 20 (10) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 2 (4.7) | 1 (14) | 10 (4) | 2 (2) | 6 (2.9) | 57 (5.2) | |
| 15–29 years | 18 (15) | 16 (8) | 2 (29) | 26 (21) | 7 (16.7) | 3 (43) | 71 (27) | 23 (18) | 32 (15.5) | 198 (18) | |
| 30–44 years | 33 (27) | 32 (16) | 1 (14) | 48 (39) | 7 (16.7) | 0 (0) | 82 (31) | 60 (46) | 48 (23.3) | 311 (28.4) | |
| 45–59 years | 35 (29) | 33 (17) | 2 (28) | 30 (24) | 15 (35.7) | 2 (29) | 70 (27) | 34 (26) | 44 (21.4) | 265 (24.2) | |
| 60 years + | 20 (16) | 54 (27) | 2 (29) | 18 (15) | 7 (16.7) | 1 (14) | 29 (11) | 8 (6) | 53 (25.7) | 192 (17.5) | |
| B. Characteristics of pre-mortem and post-mortem diagnoses of fungal infections in autopsy reports between 2000 and 2015 by genus | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnoses (n; %) | Aspergil (n = 115; 22.4%) | Cand (n = 176; 34.3%) | Chromo (n = 4; 0.8%) | Crypto (n = 64; 12.5%) | Histo (n = 29; 5.6%) | Mucor (n = 5; 1%) | Paraco (n = 17; 3.3%) | Pneumo (n = 103; 20%) | Total (n = 513; 100%) | ||
| Pre-mortema | 82 (71.3) | 130 (74) | 3 (75) | 49 (76.5) | 23 (79.3) | 4 (80) | 15 (88) | 72 (70) | 378 (74) | ||
| Post-mortemb | 33 (28.7) | 46 (26) | 1 (25) | 15 (23.4) | 6 (20.7) | 1 (20) | 2 (12) | 31 (30) | 135 (26) | ||
| Underlying disorders in patients diagnosed pre-mortem with fungal infections | Aspergil (n = 82; 21.7%) | Cand (n = 130; 3.5%) | Chromo (n = 3; 0.8%) | Crypto (n = 49; 13%) | Histo (n = 23; 6.1%) | Mucor (n = 4; 1%) | Paraco (n = 15; 4%) | Pneumo (n = 72; 19.1%) | Total (n = 378; 100%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical charts | AIDS | 7 (8) | 20 (15.4) | 0 (0) | 20 (41) | 10 (44) | 1 (25) | 1 (6.6) | 51 (71) | 110 (29) | |
| Cancer | 44 (54.6) | 28 (21.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | 3 (13) | 1 (25) | 1 (6.6) | 4 (5) | 83 (22) | ||
| Diabetes | 2 (2.4) | 28 (21.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 5 (22) | 2 (50) | 0 (0) | 6 (8) | 44 (12) | ||
| Preterm infants | 0 (0) | 22 (17) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 24 (6) | ||
| Respiratory diseases | 2 (2.4) | 18 (14) | 0 (0) | 10 (20.4) | 3 (13) | 0 (0) | 12 (80) | 7 (10) | 52 (14) | ||
| Transplant | 12 (14.6) | 6 (4.6) | 1 (33.3) | 4 (8.1) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.6) | 2 (3) | 28 (7.3) | ||
| Other disease | 15 (18) | 8 (6) | 2 (66.6) | 12 (24.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 37 (9.7) | ||
| Organs | Lung | 76 (92.6) | 67 (51.5) | 3 (100) | 31 (63.2) | 21 (91.3) | 4 (100) | 15 (100) | 61 (84.7) | 278 (73.5) | |
| CNS | 7 (8.6) | 37 (28.4) | 3 (100) | 46 (94) | 22 (95.6) | 3 (75) | 11 (73.3) | 15 (20.8) | 144 (38) | ||
| Spleen | 6 (7.4) | 36 (27.7) | 2 (66.6) | 5 (10.2) | 2 (8.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.6) | 13 (18) | 65 (17.2) | ||
| Kidneys | 8 (9.5) | 38 (29.2) | 0 (0) | 12 (24.5) | 1 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 10 (66.6) | 18 (25) | 87 (23) | ||
| Liver | 30 (3.7) | 66 (50.7) | 0 (0) | 17 (34.7) | 5 (21.7) | 1 (25) | 10 (66.6) | 21 (29.1) | 150 (39.7) | ||
| Other | 3 (3.7) | 19 (14.6) | 0 (0) | 5 (10.2) | 5 (21.7) | 0 (0) | 3 (20) | 1 (1.4) | 36 (9.5) | ||
| Disseminateda | 62 (75) | 81 (62) | 2 (66) | 30 (61) | 14 (61) | 2 (50) | 9 (60) | 44 (61) | 244 (64.5) | ||
Newborns 1–29 days; m month, y year, N number, % percentage, a autopsies confirmed the diagnosis made pre-mortem, b diagnosis confirmed by autopsy only, AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Aspergil aspergillosis, Cand candidiasis, Chromo chromomycosis, Crypto cryptococcosis, Histo histoplasmosis, Mucor mucormycosis, Paraco paracoccidioidomycosis, Pneumo pneumocystosis, Undef undefined fungal infections.
aPercentage of cases with disseminated disease.