Table 2.
Subgroup analyses based on subtype of dementia, study region, sample size, setting and grip strength assessment.
| Variables | Number of studies | Meta-analysis (HR, 95%CI) | Heterogeneity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2 | P | |||
| Subtype of dementia | ||||
| AD | 6 | 1.41 (1.09–1.81) | 86.7% | 0.000 |
| non-AD dementia | 3 | 1.45 (1.10–1.91) | 51.7% | 0.126 |
| Study region | ||||
| Asia | 3 | 1.59 (1.28–1.97) | 0.0% | 0.775 |
| Europe | 3 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.0% | 0.617 |
| North America | 4 | 1.23 (0.97–1.57) | 81.3% | 0.001 |
| Sample size | ||||
| ≥1,000 | 4 | 1.41 (1.04–1.91) | 68.6% | 0.023 |
| <1,000 | 6 | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 74.6% | 0.001 |
| Setting | ||||
| Community | 8 | 1.12 (1.02–1.22) | 80.7% | 0.000 |
| Clinic | 1 | - | - | - |
| Both community and clinic | 1 | - | - | - |
| Grip strength assessment | ||||
| Dominant hand with handheld dynamometer | 5 | 0.99 (0.95–1.03) | 0.0% | 0.533 |
| Both hands with handheld dynamometer | 4 | 1.47 (1.01–2.13) | 90.1% | 0.000 |
| Both hands with a ball | 1 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | - | - |