Table.
Entire Cohort: Baseline Information
| Variable | n=1,218 |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 79±13 |
| Male | 667 (54.8) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22±4 |
| Living circumstances | |
| Alone | 264 (21.7) |
| With family member | 892 (73.2) |
| With only spouse | 390 (32.0) |
| Nursing home | 62 (5.1) |
| History of symptomatic HF | |
| First time | 814 (66.8) |
| Second time | 208 (17.1) |
| ≥Three times | 196 (16.1) |
| Underlying heart disease† | |
| Ischemic | 319 (26.2) |
| Valvular | 430 (35.3) |
| Hypertensive | 369 (30.3) |
| Others | 424 (34.8) |
| HF severity at admission | |
| NYHA I | 19 (1.6) |
| NYHA II | 178 (14.6) |
| NYHA III | 652 (53.5) |
| NYHA IV | 369 (30.3) |
| Comorbidity | |
| Hypertension | 779 (64.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 365 (30.0) |
| Dyslipidemia | 262 (21.5) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 533 (43.8) |
| CKD | 499 (41.0) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥28) | 69 (5.7) |
| Smoking | 314 (25.8) |
| COPD | 104 (8.5) |
| Biomarker (pg/mL)‡ | |
| BNP (n=1,062) | 602 (345–1,129) |
| NT-proBNP (n=134) | 4,431 (2,028–11,313) |
| EF (%) (n=1,114)§ | 45.9±16.3 |
| HFpEF (EF ≥50%)§ | |
| ≤64 years (n=141) | 32 (22.7) |
| 65–84 years (n=540) | 227 (42.0) |
| ≥85 years (n=433) | 230 (53.1) |
Data given as n (%), mean±SD or median (IQR). †Some patients had 2 or more underlying heart diseases. ‡Serum BNP or NT-proBNP measured at the time of admission. §Echocardiogram at the time of admission. BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EF, ejection fraction; HF, heart failure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association.