Table 1.
Stereotactic radiosurgery in recurrent patients with glioblastoma
| Author | Pts (No) | Interval between RT courses | SRS modality | Median dose (Gy) | Imaging for planning | Treated volume (ml) | CTV/PTV margins (mm) | Systemic therapy | Median PFS (months) | Maedian OS (months) | EQD2 (Gy) | Cumulative EQD2 (Gy) | RN (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Larson et al., 2002 [35] | 53 | 14.5 | GK | 16 15 (+ M) | T1-w ce MRI | SRS + M, 8 SRS, 9.1 | NR | M, 12 | 4.2 | 4.4 9.5 (+ M) | 72 63.8 (+ M) | 132 123.8 (+ M) | 8 |
| Combs et al., 2005 [36] | 32 | 10 | LINAC | 15 (10–20) | T1-w ce MRI | 10 (1.2–59.2) | 2–5 | None | 5 | 10 38% at 1 yr | 63.8 | 117.8 | 0 |
| Kong et al., 2008 [37] | 65 | 4.3 | GK | 16 Gy | T1-w ce MRI | 10.6 (0.1–79.6) | None | None | 4.6 | 13 58.4% at 1 yr | 72 | 132 | 24.4 |
| Cuneo et al., 2009 [38] | 49 | 20 | LINAC | 15 | T1-w ce MRI, Some PET/CT | 4.8 | 0–1 | BEV | 5.2 (+ BEV) 2.1 (-BEV) | 11.9 (+ BEV) 3 (-BEV) | 63.8 | 123.8 | 10 |
| Patel et al., 2009 [39] | 26 | 12.5 | LINAC | 18 (12–20) | T1-w ce MRI | 10.4 | None | CCNU, TMZ | NR | 8.4 | 90 | 150 | 4 |
| Pouratian et al., 2009 [40] | 26 | NR | GK | 17 | T1-w ce MRI | 21.3 | None | None | NR | 9.4 | 80.7 | 140.7 | 0 |
| Skeie et al., 2012 [41] | 77 | 8.9 | GK | 12.2 | T1-w ce MRI | 12.4 | NR | PCV | 6 | 12 | 36.2 | 96.2 | 9.8 |
| Dodoo et al., 2014 [42] | 35 | NR | GK | 20 (14–22) | T1-w ce MRI | 4.8 (0.03 − 38.1) | NR | NR | NR | 11.3 | 110 | 170 | 23 |
| Martinez-Carrillo et al., 2014 [43] | 46 | 10 | LINAC | 18 (14–20) | T1-w ce MRI | 4 (0.05–34.1) | 0–5 | NR | NR | 7.5 | 90 | 150 | 10 |
| Pinzi et al., 2015 [44] | 88 | 15 | CK | 16–22 | T1-w ce MRI | 2 (0.14–83) | 0–1 | CHT, 22 (type not specified) | NR | 11.5 48% at 1 yr | 63.8 | 123.8 | 6 |
| Bokstein et al., 2016 45] | 33 | 18 | GK | 18 (14–24) | T1-w ce MRI | 2.2 (0.2–9.5) | NR | BEV, 6 TMZ, 15 | 5 (1.0–96.4) | 15.9 | 90 | 150 | 5.5 |
| Frisher et ai., 2016 [46] | 42 | 17 | GK | 10 | T1-w ce MRI | 5.1 | NR | TMZ, 28 | 4.4 | 9.6 | 30 | 90 | 2.4 |
| Imber et al., 2017 [47] | 174 | 8.7 | GK | 16 (10–22) | T1-w ce MRI | 7.0 (0.3–39.0) | NR | TMZ, 20 CCNU, 13 BCNU, 11 | NR | 10.6 | 72 | 132 | 13 |
| Kim et al., 2017 [48] | 57 | NR | GK | 15 | T1-w ce MRI | SRS + TMZ, 9.8; SRS, 11 | NR | TMZ, 28 | 3.6 6 (+ TMZ) | 9.2 15.5 (+ TMZ) | 63.8 | 123.8 | 24.4 |
| Sharma et al., 2018 [49] | 53 | 16 | GK | 18 (12–24) | T1-w ce MRI | 3.8 (0.01–29.7) | None | None | 4.4 | 11.0 | 90 | 150 | 4 |
| Morris et al., 2019 [50] | 45 | 13.5 | GK | 17 (13–24) | T1-w ce MRI | 2.2 (0.1–25.2) | None | BEV | 5.2 | 13.3 | 80.7 | 140.7 | 0 |
SRS, radiosurgery; CTV, clinical target volume; PTV, planning target volume; PFS, progression-free survival; OS, overall survival; EQD2, equivalent dose normalized to 2 Gy;
NR, not reported; SRS, stereotactic radiosurgery; LINAC, linear accelerator; GK, Gamma Knife; T1-w ce MRI, T1-weighted contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging;
TMZ, temozolomide; BEV, bevacizumab; M, marimastat; CCNU, lomustine; TMZ, temozolomide; BEV, bevacizumab