TABLE 1.

Distribution of study characteristics in individuals with TS or CTDs and in unaffected individuals from the general population

	Individuals With TS/CTD (n = 3449)		Unaffected Individuals (n = 6,123,841)
	n	%	n	%
Sex
Men	2619	75.94	3,129,702	51.11
Women	830	24.06	2,994,139	48.89
Age at start of follow‐up, years a
18–19	2684	77.82	1,969,426	32.16
20–29	354	10.26	1,036,797	16.93
30–39	196	5.68	1,014,092	16.56
40–49	133	3.86	996,119	16.27
50–65	82	2.38	1,107,407	18.08
Psychiatric comorbidities b
Autism spectrum disorders	925	26.82	23,748	0.39
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	1738	50.39	73,820	1.21
Conduct disorder	177	5.13	4698	0.08
Anxiety disorders	1163	33.72	345,088	5.64
Obsessive‐compulsive disorder	757	21.95	24,008	0.39
Posttraumatic and other stress‐related disorders	407	11.80	148,408	2.42
Eating disorders	81	2.35	26,593	0.43
Depression and other mood disorders	1001	29.02	292,868	4.78
Bipolar disorders	220	6.38	49,644	0.81
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders	235	6.81	50,710	0.83
Substance use disorders	585	16.96	236,462	3.86
Dissocial personality disorder	24	0.70	2426	0.04

Abbreviations: TS, Tourette syndrome; CTD, chronic tic disorder.

^aIndividuals are followed from their 18th birthday or January 1, 1997, whichever occurred last.

^bThe study participants, both exposed and unexposed, may have more than one psychiatric comorbid disorder.