FIGURE 1.

AON‐mediated protein knockdown. A, The pre‐mRNA transcribed from the DNA is spliced and capped to obtain the final mRNA, which is exported to the cytoplasm and translated into protein at the ribosomes. B, As the single stranded AON binds to the mRNA, this complex is recognized and degraded by RNaseH, an endonuclease present in nucleus and cytoplasm, blocking protein production. C, From the double stranded siRNA, the guide strand is incorporated into the RNA‐induced silencing complex (RISC). This complex specifically binds the targeted mRNA, inducing its degradation and inhibiting protein production. D, The AON binds the mRNA, thereby changing its conformation, preventing the formation of the ribosome and blocking the process of protein translation