Table 3.

Results of Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) coding.

TDF domains		Identified domains
		Cormack et al. 1994 [62]   Three‐armed trial	Bashir et al. 1994 [61]   Two‐armed trial	Heather et al. 2004 [50]   Three‐armed trial	Vicens et al. 2006 [63]   Two‐armed trial	Vicens et al. 2014 [67]   Three‐armed trial	Tannenbaum et al. 2014 [66]   Two‐armed trial	Kuntz et al. 2018 [64]   Three‐armed trial	Navy et al. 2018 [65]   Two‐armed trial
Knowledge	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Yes	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
Skills	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
Social/professional role and identity	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
	IG2	No	NA	No	NA	No	NA	No	NA
Beliefs about capabilities	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
	IG2	No	NA	No	NA	No	NA	No	NA
Optimism	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
	IG2	No	NA	Yes	NA	No	NA	No	NA
Beliefs about consequences	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Yes	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	No	NA
Reinforcement	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
Intentions	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	No	NA	No	NA
Goals	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	No	NA
Memory, attention and decision process	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
Environmental context and resources	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
Social influences	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
Emotion	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
	IG2	No	NA	No	NA	No	NA	No	NA
Behavioural regulation	CG	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear	Unclear
	IG1	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
	IG2	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
TDF coding
Total number of different domains identified	CG	0	0	0	2	1	0	0	0
	IG1	10	7	10	9	9	9	6	7
	IG2	10	NA	11	NA	9	NA	7	NA

CG = control group; IG1 = intervention group 1; IG2 = intervention group 2;

NA = not applicable if the study only had one intervention group;

Cormack 1994, IG1 = letter group, IG2 = letter plus information sheet;

Heather 2004, IG1 = consultation group, IG2 = letter group;

Vicens 2014, IG1 = structured educational intervention with follow‐up consultations; IG2 = structured educational intervention with written follow‐up;

Kuntz 2018, IG1 = educational intervention; IG2 = educational intervention plus pharmacist telephone call.