TABLE 1.

Summary of effects of glycolic acid (GA) concentration on the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis

GA concentration	Free GA	Effect on stratum corneum	Effect on viable epidermis	Effect on dermis
8%	3.23%	Moderate desquamation	Moderate increase in keratinocyte proliferation	Moderate increase in collagen levels
10%	4.03%	Moderate desquamation	Moderate increase in keratinocyte proliferation	Moderate increase in collagen levels
15%	6.05%	Significant desquamation	Significant increase in keratinocyte proliferation	Moderate increase in collagen levels
25%	10.1%	Significant desquamation	Moderate increase in keratinocyte proliferation	Significant increase in collagen levels