Table 1. Primers used in the present study.
| Purpose | Gene Name | Primer | Sequence (5´—3´) | Reference | Length (bp) | qPCR primers data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dsRNA | Tsf | Tsf-Fw | taatacgactcactatagggagaGGAAAATAACGCGGATTTGA | This study–[75] Genebank accession # AY336529 | 482 | |
| (Apis mellifera) | Tsf-Rv | taatacgactcactatagggagaGAACGCTACGTCTCCTTTGC | ||||
| GFP | GFP-Fw | TAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCGATTCCATGGCCAACACTTGTCA | (Li et al., 2016) | |||
| GFP-Rv | TAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCGATCAAGAAGGACCATGTGGT | |||||
| qPCR | Tsf | Tsf-Fw-qPCR | TCCGACATCGGAAAACCCAG | This study | 100 | E = 109.1% R^2 = 0.995 Slope = -3.122 y-int = 27.518 |
| (Apis mellifera) | Tsf-Rv-qPCR | CAGCCCAAGTGCATGGTTTC | ||||
| 16S rRNA | rRNA-F | CGGATAAAAGAGTCCGTTACC | (Chen et al., 2008) | |||
| (N.ceranae) | rRNA-R | TGAGCAGGGTTCTAGGGAT | ||||
| ß-actin | ß-actin-F | ATGCCAACACTGTCCTTTCTGG | (Yang and Cox-Foster, 2005) | |||
| (A.mellifera) | ß-actin-R | GACCCACCAATCCATACGGA | ||||
| Abaecin | Abaecin-F | CAGCATTCGCATACGTACCA | (Evans et al., 2006) | |||
| (A.mellifera) | Abaecin-R | GACCAGGAAACGTTGGAAAC | ||||
| Argonaute | AGO-F | AGCCTTTAGAACTCTTGCTGGT | This study | 96 | E = 105.1% R^2 = 0.994 Slope = -3.205 y-int = 33.145 |
|
| (A.mellifera) | AGO-R | ACCTGCTGAGTTATGCACAGT | Genebank accession XM_395048.6 | |||
| Dicer | DIC-F | AATGTTGGGTGAGAGCATGA | This study | 94 | E = 104.9% R^2 = 0.992 Slope = -3.209 y-int = 24.805 |
|
| (A.mellifera) | DIC-R | TGCTTGTTCAAGTTCCTTTGG | Genebank accession NM_001123013.2 | |||
| Apidaecin | Apidaecin-F | TTTTGCCTTAGCAATTCTTGTTG | (Li et al., 2016) | |||
| (A.mellifera) | Apidaecin-R | GCAGGTCGAGTAGGCGGATCT | ||||
| birc5 | birc5-F | CTTCTGACAATTCGTGCAATCC | (Martín-Hernández et al., 2017) | |||
| (A.mellifera) | birc5-R | GGGTTCTTTCTTACCACCCACTAC | ||||