Table I.
Select characteristics and exposure summaries for participants from the Seveso Women’s Health Study and Seveso Second Generation Study, Seveso, Italy, 1976–2016.
| SWHS |
Second generation daughters |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | Initial 1976 TCDD Median (IQR) |
Estimated TCDD at pregnancy Median (IQR) |
N (%) | Maternal initial 1976 TCDD Median (IQR) |
Estimated TCDD in utero Median (IQR) |
|
| Total | 446 (100) | 61.4 (29.2–174.0) | 12.8 (6.2–31.3) | 66 (100) | 52.8 (27.0–128.0) | 35.8 (19.5–85.8) |
| Age at explosion (years) | ||||||
| 0–10 | 143 (32.1) | 162.0 (55.9–327.0) | 5.7 (3.0–10.5) | |||
| 11–20 | 193 (43.3) | 52.6 (26.7–109.0) | 14.4 (8.3–30.6) | |||
| 21–30 | 102 (22.9) | 41.6 (22.2–90.1) | 31.1 (17.5–69.4) | |||
| 30–40 | 8 (1.8) | 32.4 (25.4–88.4) | 32.9 (20.0–62.9) | |||
| Parity at time of explosion | ||||||
| Nulliparous | 371 (83.2) | 70.0 (31.7–206.0) | 10.9 (5.5–26.4) | |||
| Parous | 75 (16.8) | 38.5 (22.2–86.2) | 30.6 (17.5–69.4) | |||
| Age at pregnancy attempt (years) | ||||||
| <25 | 126 (28.3) | 46.4 (23.2–100.0) | 19.1 (10.3–39.1) | 8 (12.1) | 86.3 (14.8–221.0) | 24.4 (10.8–91.0) |
| 25–29 | 192 (43.1) | 63.2 (28.2–180.4) | 12.4 (6.4–31.4) | 34 (51.5) | 57.8 (35.5–105.0) | 36.1 (21.8–83.7) |
| 30–34 | 98 (22.0) | 92.3 (41.9–220.0) | 8.1 (3.7–18.6) | 22 (33.3) | 37.7 (22.5–126.0) | 34.6 (19.5–85.8) |
| ≥35 | 30 (6.7) | 139.4 (35.8–245.0) | 7.3 (4.9–19.6) | 2 (3.0) | 127.85 (64.7–191) | 127.85 (64.7–191) |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married/living as married | 380 (85.2) | 40.4 (22.5–140.0) | 15.1 (8.2–37.1) | 61 (92.4) | 54.3 (29.9–128.0) | 35.8 (21.3–85.8) |
| Not married/living as married | 66 (14.8) | 64.0 (31.7–178.0) | 12.0 (6.0–31.1) | 5 (7.6) | 19.5 (18.4–68.6) | 19.5 (18.4–68.6) |
| Education | ||||||
| Less than high school | 103 (23.1) | 62.4 (23.9–212.0) | 26.2 (9.0–49.9) | 13 (19.7) | 37.7 (35.5–128.0) | 35.5 (25.7–70.4) |
| High school or technical | 322 (72.2) | 60.3 (29.9–166.0) | 11.2 (6.0–26.4) | 40 (60.6) | 47.0 (24.5–133.5) | 35.3 (18.6–107.1) |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 21 (4.7) | 75.7 (30.2–192.0) | 6.3 (3.4–12.9) | 13 (19.7) | 72.0 (19.5–105.0) | 56.5 (19.5–72.7) |
| Smoked in year before | ||||||
| No | 332 (74.4) | 61.8 (31.4–189.0) | 12.2 (5.7–31.4) | 46 (69.7) | 48.5 (25.1–185.0) | 37.8 (19.5–106.1) |
| Yes | 114 (25.6) | 61.3 (23.3–157.0) | 13.7 (7.2–31.0) | 20 (30.3) | 57.8 (32.9–88.4) | 35.1 (19.7–67.1) |
| OC use in year before | ||||||
| No | 350 (78.5) | 61.1 (28.9–180.0) | 11.9 (5.7–30.4) | 52 (78.8) | 44.0 (24.5–94.7) | 34.6 (18.6–66.7) |
| Yes | 96 (21.5) | 69.6 (37.2–165.0) | 17.3 (7.9–32.5) | 14 (21.2) | 133.5 (61.3–245.0) | 106.9 (35.8–117.0) |
| Menstrual cycle | ||||||
| Regular | 400 (89.7) | 62.6 (29.5–182.5) | 13.5 (6.3–31.7) | 55 (83.3) | 51.3 (23.9–126.0) | 34.8 (18.8–70.4) |
| Irregular | 46 (10.3) | 54.3 (22.0–148.0) | 9.5 (3.9–26.0) | 11 (16.7) | 99.5 (37.5–238.0) | 72.7 (35.5–112.7) |
| History of reproductive or endocrine conditions | ||||||
| No | 381 (85.4) | 60.1 (29.0–163.0) | 14.1 (6.8–32.0) | 59 (89.4) | 51.3 (27.0–135.0) | 35.8 (19.5–88.9) |
| Yes | 65 (14.6) | 98.9 (42.2–264.0) | 7.7 (3.2–15.0) | 7 (10.6) | 54.3 (22.5–126.0) | 35.7 (18.8–85.8) |
IQR, interquartile range; OC, oral contraceptive; SWHS, Seveso Women’s Health Study; TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.