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. 2021 Feb 2;47(4):34. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4867

Figure 3.

Figure 3

GYY4137 protects CHs from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. (A, C and D) Cells were treated with 0 μM (control), 20 μM TBHP, 100 μM GYY4137 and 5 μM NAC for 24 h. Subsequently, cells were analyzed using a flow cytometer. Lower left quadrant, Annexin V−/PI− (live cells); upper left quadrant, Annexin V−/PI+ (mechanically damaged cells); upper right quadrant, Annexin V+/PI+ (late apoptotic or necrotic cells); lower right quadrant, Annexin V+/PI− (early apoptotic cells). The experiments were repeated at least 3 times. *P<0.05, significant difference vs. the control (n=4). (B and E) CHs were treated with 0 μM (control), 20 μM TBHP, 100 μM GYY4137 and NAC for 24 h. The mPTP opening was measured by staining with calcein-AM and COCl2 (n=5). (F) Caspase-3 activity in CHs. Data are presented as the means ± SEM. *P<0.05 vs. control, #P<0.05 vs. TBHP (n=3). TBHP, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide; NAC, N-acetyl cysteine; CH, chondrocyte; mPTP, mitochondrial permeability transition pore.