Table 3.
Summary of Pulmonary function test and Chest CT findings.
| Control (n = 26) | ARDS (n = 34) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spirometry | |||
| FVC (%), mean (SD) | 95.8 (±15.79) | 83.32 (±15.89) | < 0.01 |
| FEV1 (%), mean (SD) | 99.5 (±14.81) | 88.67 (±15.85) | < 0.01 |
| FEV1/FVC <0.7, N (%) | 1 (3.8%) | 9 (26.4%) | 0.02 |
| DLCO | |||
| DLCOc (%), mean (SD) | 94.8 (18.7) | 85.5 (22.6) | 0.21 |
| AV (%), mean (SD) | 99.7 (13.7) | 87.7 (15.1) | 0.01 |
| DLCOc/AV, mean (SD) | 84.9 (15.5) | 83.5 (18.0) | 0.78 |
| DLCOc > 80%, N (%) | 23 (88.4) | 22 (64.7) | 0.03 |
| DLCOc <60–80%, N (%) | 3 (11.5) | 9 (26.5) | |
| DLCOc <60%, N (%) | 0 | 3 (8.8) | |
| Six minutes walking test | |||
| Distance (meters), mean (SD) | 539 (±87.2) | 509.5 (±121.9) | 0.79 |
| Distance (%), mean (SD) | 85.6 (±20.9) | 85.6 (±31.9) | 0.99 |
| Basal SpO2, mean (SD) | 98.5 (±1.36) | 97.2 (±1.65) | < 0.01 |
| Final SpO2, mean (SD) | 95.3 (±17.6) | 97.1 (±2.11) | < 0.01 |
| Drop down 1–3% SpO2, N (%) | 4 (15.3) | 8 (23.5) | 0.02 |
| Drop down >3% SpO2, N (%) | 0 | 3 (8.8) | |
| Chest CT finding | |||
| Normal, N (%) | 18 (69.2) | 11 (33) | < 0.01 |
| Ground glass opacities, N (%) | 4 (15.3) | 23 (67.6) | < 0.01 |
| Mixed ground-glass, N (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.8) | 0.17 |
| Consolidation, N (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.9) | 0.56 |
| Interlobular thickening, N (%) | 1 (3.8) | 13 (38.2) | < 0.01 |
| Bronchiectasis, N (%) | 0 (0) | 6 (27.6) | 0.02 |
| Atelectasis, N (%) | 1 (3.8) | 6 (27.6) | 0.10 |
| Solid nodule, N (%) | 1 (3.8) | 10 (29.4) | 0.01 |
| Nonsolid nodule, N (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (26.4) | < 0.01 |
| Reticular lesion, N (%) | 1 (3.8) | 3 (8.8) | 0.41 |
| Fibrotic lesions, N (%) | 0 (0) | 8 (23.5) | < 0.01 |
| Air trapping, N (%) | 4 (15.3) | 11 (32.3) | 0.11 |
| Number of lobes affected, mean (SD) | 0.57 (±0.9) | 2.0 (±1.4) | < 0.01 |
| TSS score, mean (SD) | 0.5 (±0.9) | 3.3 (±2.6) | < 0.01 |
Abbreviation: ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, SD: Standard deviation, FVC: Forced vital capacity, FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in 1 s, DLCOc: Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide corrected by hemoglobin. AV: Alveolar volume. CT: Computed tomography, TSS: Total severity score. Highlights: statistically significant.