Table 2.

Characteristics of study intervention programmes

First author (year of publication)	Sample	Duration of intervention (months)	EG Component	Experimental PE programme	Frequency (times/weeks)	Session duration (min)	Modality		CG
							Group	Single
Cormie et al. (2015) [24]	EG: 32 CG: 31	3	AE+RE	Supervised: AE: 20–30 min at 70–85% max HR RE: 6–12 RM, 1–4 sets, reps NR Progression: intensity and volume	2	60	x		Standard care
Newton et al. (2019) [25]	EG: 57 CG: 47	6	RE+IE	Supervised: RE: 6–12 RM, 2–4 sets, reps NR Progression: Intensity and volume IE: 3–5 times BW, 2–4 sets, 10 reps. Progression: Set and type of exercise	2	60	x		Printed booklet with information about exercise
				Unsupervised: IE: two to four rotations of skipping (30 s), hopping, leaping, and drop jumping (all 10 times)	2	60		x
	EG: 50 CG: 47	6	AE+RE	Supervised: RE: 6–12 RM, 2–4 sets, reps NR Progression: Intensity and volume AE: 20–30 min at 60–85% max HR	2	60	x
Taaffe et al. (2019) [26]	EG: 54 CG: 50	6	AE+RE+IE	Supervised: AE: 25–40 min of 60–85% max HR RE: 6–12 RM, 2–4 sets, reps NR Progression: intensity and volume IE: 3·4–5·2 times BW, 2–4 sets, 10 reps Progression: set and type of exercise	3	60	x		Standard care
Nilsen et al. (2015) [27]	EG: 28 CG: 30	4	RE	Supervised: RE: 6–10 RM, 1–3 sets, 10 reps. Progression: volume	2	60	x		Encouraged to maintain their habitual physical activity level and not to initiate strength training
				Unsupervised: Home-based exercise session similar to supervised sessions performed at a moderate intensity	1	60	x	x
Uth et al. (2016) [28]	EG: 29 CG: 28	3	FT	Supervised: 15 min warm-up (drills, balance, strength exercise) 2–3 sets × 15 min Progression: set and frequency	2–3	45–60	x		Encouraged to maintain their habitual physical activity level
Uth et al. (2016) [29]		8
Bjerre et al. (2019) [30]	EG: 46 CG: 41	6	FT	Supervised: 20 min warm-up 20 min dribbling, passing, and shooting 20 min of 5–7-a-side football Intensity and progression are NR	2	60	x		15/30-min telephone session covering options for physical activity and free-of-charge rehabilitation delivery by the municipalities and subsequently an email with the same information
Winters-Stone et al. (2014) [49]	EG: 29 CG: 22	12	RE+IE	Supervised: RE upper body: 8–15 RM, 1–2 sets, 8–14 reps. RE lower body: 0–15% BW, sets NR, 8–12 reps IE: 0–10% BW, 1–10 sets, 10 reps Progression: Intensity and volume	2	60	x		Performed a series of whole body stretching and relaxation exercises
				Unsupervised: Home-based exercise similar to class session but performed without weighted vests and replacing weights with resistance bands	1	60		x
Kim et al. (2018) [50]	EG: 26 CG: 25	6	AE+RE	Unsupervised: Core program: Weight-bearing + RE RE: 0–10% BW, 2–3 sets, 8–15 reps. IE: weight-bearing exercise 11–15 RPE, 3–5 sets, 20–30 min Progression: intensity, volume, and type of exercise Optional programme: stabilization/balance exercise + Circuit Resistive Calisthenics (same dose as core program) Stabilization/balance exercise: intensity and volume NR	2–5	NR	NR		Stretching 3–5 times/week (a total of 9 movements); Ten-minute telephone sessions (weekly for the first month and at monthly intervals thereafter)

AE aerobic exercise, BW body weight, CG control group, EG experimental group, FT football training, HR heart rate, IE impact-loading exercise, NR not reported, PE physical exercise, RE resistance exercise, Reps repetitions, RM repetition maximum, RPE rate of perceived exertion, S seconds