Table 1.

Two group used.

Group	n	Composition	Pretest	Treatment	Post-test
1- Control	50	Natural	-	G	O1
2- Experimental	50	Natural	-	FL	O2
3- Control	59	Natural	-	G	O3
4- Experimental	59	Natural	-	FL	O4
5- Control	70	Natural	-	G	O5
6- Experimental	68	Natural	-	FL	O6

Note: Gamification (G); Flipped learning (FL).