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. 2021 Feb 11;7(2):e06254. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06254

Table 4.

Data obtained for the dimensions of research in CG and EG of Baccalaureate level.

Dimensions Likert Scale n (%)
Parameters
None Few Enough Completely M SD Skw Kme
Control group Motivation 7(10) 21(30) 27(38.6) 15(2.4) 2.71 .919 -.200 -.762
Teacher-student 8(11.4) 19(27.1) 24(34.3) 19(27.1) 2.77 .981 -.280 -.931
Student-content 9(12.9) 21(30) 24(34.3) 16(22.9) 2.67 .974 -.162 -.944
Student-student 8(11.4) 19(27.1) 26(37.1) 17(24.3) 2.74 .958 -.270 -.845
Autonomy 7(10) 19(27.1) 26(37.1) 18(25.7) 2.79 .946 -.292 -.816
Collaboration 9(12.9) 21(30) 26(37.1) 14(20) 2.64 .948 -.163 -.848
Deepening 8(11.4) 23(32.9) 22(31.4) 17(24.3) 2.69 .971 -.105 -.992
Resolution 8(11.4) 21(30) 25(35.7) 16(22.9) 2.70 .953 -.184 -.880
Classtime 6(8.6) 20(28.6) 30(42.9) 14(20) 2.74 .879 -.255 -.584
Ratingsa 8(11.4) 21(30) 24(34.3) 17(24.3) 2.71 .965 -.187 -.928
Teacher-ratingsa 7(10) 20(28.6) 27(38.6) 16(22.9) 2.74 .928 -.243 -.770
Experimental group Motivation 3(4.4) 12(17.6) 20(29.4) 33(48.5) 3.22 .859 -.842 -.297
Teacher-student 3(4.4) 10(14.7) 23(33.8) 32(47.1) 3.24 .866 -.908 .032
Student-content 2(2.9) 10(14.7) 24(35.3) 32(47.1) 3.26 .822 -.864 .000
Student-student 3(4.4) 10(14.7) 22(32.4) 33(48.5) 3.25 .870 -.936 .043
Autonomy 3(4.4) 7(10.3) 29(42.6) 29(42.6) 3.24 .813 -.978 .651
Collaboration 3(4.4) 8(11.8) 29(42.6) 28(41.2) 3.21 .821 -.903 .430
Deepening 2(2.9) 8(11.8) 28(41.2) 30(44.1) 3.26 .785 -.892 .394
Resolution 3(4.4) 20(39.4) 25(36.8) 20(29.4) 2.91 .876 -.236 -.873
Classtime 5(7.4) 9(13.2) 23(33.8) 31(45.6) 3.18 .929 -.939 .004
Ratingsa 4(5.9) 11(16.2) 18(26.5) 35(51.5) 3.24 .932 -.949 -.168
Teacher-ratingsa 2(2.9) 21(30.9) 28(41.2) 17(25) 2.88 .820 -.111 -.816
a

Established grade group (None: 1–4.9; Few: 5–5.9; Enough: 6–8.9; Completely: 9–10).