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. 2021 Feb 18;12:1112. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21310-4

Fig. 1. Low plasma interleukin-3 levels are associated with severity and outcome in COVID-19.

Fig. 1

a Plasma IL-3 levels of SARS-CoV-2+ patients with or without severe disease and in patients that had recovered from infection. p = 0.0468 for non-severe vs severe; p = 0.0016 for severe vs recovered; and p = 0.8441 for non-severe vs recovered. n = 92. b Plasma IL-3 levels of SARS-CoV-2+ patients with or without high viral load. n = 21. c Kaplan–Meier analysis showing the survival of SARS-CoV-2+ patients with high (≥20 pg/ml) or low (<20 pg/ml) plasma IL-3 levels (measured within 24 h after admission). n = 64. d Plasma IL-3 levels of SARS-CoV-2+ patients older or younger than 65 years. n = 92. e Analysis of plasma IL-3 levels (20 pg/ml identified by minimal p-value approach) and age defining risk groups to die (low and intermediate vs high; OR: 14.091; 95% CI: 1.680–118.218). n = 110. Data are mean ± S.E.M., *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, unpaired, two-tailed Student’s t test using Welch’s correction for unequal variances or Mann–Whitney test were used. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.