Table 2.

Urinary excretion rate of total U by Gulf War veterans’ clinical group.

Clinical group	Sample size	Total [U]				Total [U] adjusted for creatinine
		Mean	95% CI	5th and 95th percentile	Range	Median	Mean
Non-deployed controls	21	2.37	− 1.04/+ 1.86	0.24–11.2	0.2–30.2	1.25	1.24
Deployed controls	27	3.80	− 1.60/+ 2.78	0.42–50.2	0.32–96.4	2.16	1.87
GWI syndrome 1	31	2.53	− 0.78/+ 1.12	0.58–10.7	0.22–13.3	1.38	1.41
GWI syndrome 2	42	4.00	− 1.25/+ 1.81	0.77–21.7	0.70–28.8	2.05	2.15
GWI syndrome 3	33	3.33	− 1.05/+ 1.54	0.65–12.0	0.44–15.1	1.95	1.74
All controls	49	2.98	− 0.98/+ 1.45	0.36–25.9	0.17–96.4	1.86	1.57
All GWI	106	3.30	− 0.57/+ 0.69	0.69–16.2	0.13–23.9	1.84	1.78
All samples	154	3.24	− 0.56/+ 0.68	0.57–17.6	0.17–96.4	1.84	1.71