Table 3.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of association between transactional sex and HIV infection among commercial farm workers from IOM’s IBBSS study in Mpumalanga and Limpopo, South Africa, 2010 (n = 2,758).

	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	aAdjusted OR (95% CI)
Engagement in transactional sex
No	Ref	Ref
Yes	1.18 (0.97 – 1.43)	1.08 (0.86-1.35)
Sex
Male	Ref	Ref
Female	1.90* (1.63 – 2.23)	1.93* (1.61 – 2.32)
Age
< 25	Ref	Ref
25 – 29	1.76* (1.34-2.30)	1.79* (1.33-2.39)
30 – 34	2.78* (2.11-3.65)	3.20* (2.35-4.35)
35 – 39	2.59* (1.96-3.43)	2.72* (1.99-3.72)
40 – 44	1.40* (1.03-1.90)	1.41* (1.00-1.99)
> 44	1.02 (0.78-1.34)	1.06 (0.78-1.45)
Marital status
Never married	Ref	Ref
Married	0.73 (0.62 – 0.86)	0.74 (0.61 – 0.90)
Formerly married	1.12 (0.78 – 1.61)	1.25 (0.82 – 1.93)
Recent multiple sexual partnerships
No	Ref	Ref
Yes	1.18* (1.01-1.38)	1.20* (1.00-1.44)
Food securityb
Yes	Ref	Ref
No	0.90 (0.77-1.05)	0.87 (0.73-1.04)
Recent history of sexually transmitted infection
No	Ref	Ref
Yes	1.57* (1.26 – 1.94)	1.39*(1.09-1.77)
Condom use last sex with non-regular partner
Yes	Ref	Ref
No	1.03 (0.88-1.21)	1.06 (0.89-1.26)
Recent history of sexual violence
No	Ref	Ref
Yes	1.39* (1.10-1.75)	1.37*(1.05-1.78)
Migration statusc
Non-Migrant	Ref	Ref
Migrant	0.89 (0.76 – 1.04)	1.05 (0.87-1.27)

p<0.05. Ref = reference category.

^aAdjusted for all other exposure variables (sex, age, marital status, recent multiple sexual partnerships, food security, recent history of STI, condom use last sex with non-regular partner, recent history of sexual violence, migration status).

^bRespondents’ answer to “I always have sufficient money to buy food for myself”.

^cNon-migrant = South African citizens; migrant = non-South African citizens.