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. 2021 Jan 26;47:101172. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101172

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Deletion of Patched in Glast+astrocytes prevented age-associated metabolic alterations. (A) Representative images of the YFP-Ptc+/+ and YFP-Ptc−/− mice 20 weeks after tamoxifen (Tx) treatment. (B) Time course of body weight. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 7–10 mice/group. (C) Dissected subcutaneous (SAT), visceral (VAT), and brown (BAT) adipose tissues from the YFP-Ptc+/+ and YFP-Ptc−/− mice 32 weeks after Tx. (D) Ratio of total organ to body weights. Masses of SAT, VAT, and BAT were reduced in the YFP-Ptc−/− mice, whereas liver mass did not differ between the two cohorts of mice. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. n = 6–9 mice/group for SAT, VAT, and BAT, n = 3–4 mice/group for the liver. (E) Representative hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections of SAT, VAT, and BAT. Histology analysis of white and brown adipose tissues showed a strong reduction in cell size in SAT, VAT, and BAT in the YFP-Ptc−/− mice compared to their control animals. H&E staining was replicated on four mice per group. Scale bars, 100 μm. (F) Rectal temperature of the YFP-Ptc+/+ (35.8 ± 0.2 °C) and YFP-Ptc−/− (35.5 ± 0.4 °C) mice was not different 25 weeks after Tx. Bar graphs represent mean ± SEM. n = 14–16 mice/group. (G–H) Plasma insulin levels of the overnight fasted YFP-Ptc+/+ and YFP-Ptc−/− mice 4 (G) and 32 weeks (H) after Tx. Bar graphs represent mean ± SEM. n = 6–8 mice/group. (I–J) Evolution over time of glucose (I) and insulin (J) responses assessed by glucose- and insulin-tolerance tests performed on the fasted YFP-Ptc+/+ and YFP-Ptc−/− mice. Weeks after Tx are indicated. Insets represent the area under the curve (AUC) of the associated graphs. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. n = 4–7 mice/group. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.001; NS, no significant change by Student's t test. GTT, glucose-tolerance test; ITT, insulin-tolerance test.