Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics for FEP and HC for each site and total sample
| Chengdu, China (N = 240) | London, England (N = 168) | Santander A, Spain (N = 257) | Santander B, Spain (N = 223) | Utrecht, The Netherlands (N = 186) | Total (N = 1074) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC | FEP | HC | FEP | HC | FEP | HC | FEP | HC | FEP | HC | FEP | ||
| N | 118 | 122 | 92 | 76 | 113 | 144 | 78 | 145 | 101 | 85 | 502 | 572 | |
| Gender (%) | M | 56 (48) | 55 (45) | 37 (40) | 41(54) | 70 (62) | 81 (61) | 48 (61) | 89 (61) | 69 (68) | 68(80) | 280 (56) | 341 (60) |
| F | 62 (52) | 67 (55) | 55 (60) | 35 (46) | 43 (38) | 56 (39) | 30 (39) | 56 (39) | 32 (32) | 17 (20) | 222 (44) | 231 (40) | |
| χ2 = 0.1, ns | χ2 = 3.2, ns | χ2 = 0.0, ns | χ2 = 0.0, ns | χ2 = 3.2, ns | χ2 = 1.7, ns | ||||||||
| Age M (s.d.) | 25.8 (8.0) | 27.0 (7.3) | 26.5 (6.5) | 27.0 (6.8) | 29.7 (7.7) | 29.3 (8.1) | 28.0 (7.4) | 29.5 (8.7) | 26.8 (8.2) | 25.4 (5.9) | 27.8 (7.5) | 27.7 (8.0) | |
| t = 1.8, ns | t = 0.4, ns | t = 0.5, ns | t = 1.4, ns | t = 1.3, ns | t = 0.1, ns | ||||||||
| TIV (L) M (s.d.) | 1.5 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.1) | 1.4 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.2) | |
| t = 0.9, ns | t = 0.4, ns | t = 0.7, ns | t = 0.2, ns | t = 0.4, ns | t = 0.8, ns | ||||||||
| Positive symptoms M (s.d.) | – | 24.5 (6.9)a | – | 13.7 (5.5)a | – | 14.3 (4.4)b | – | 13.5 (4.3)b | – | 15.8 (6.3)a | – | – | |
| Negative symptoms M (s.d.) | – | 18.6 (8.6)a | – | 15.7 (6.0)a | – | 6.2 (5.0)c | – | 6.2 (5.0)c | – | 16.2 (6.9)a | – | – | |
| Duration of illness (yrs) Med (IQR) | – | 0.3 (0.9) | – | 1.1 (1.3) | – | 0.4 (0.7) | – | 0.3 (1.0) | – | 0.6 (1.4) | – | 0.4 (0.9) | |
| Antipsychotic medication (N) (naïve/typical/atypical/NA) | – | 122/0/0/0 | – | 7/2/56/11 | – | 2/0/142/0 | – | 2/20/116/7 | – | 0/3/48/34 | – | 133/25/362/52 | |
TIV, total intra-cranial volume; L, litres; M, male; F, female; FEP, first-episode psychosis; HC, healthy controls; Med, median; M, mean; s.d., standard deviation; NA, not available.
a
PANSS: Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale.
b
SAPS: Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.
c
SANS: Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.
ns: p > 0.05.