Table 2.

Definitions of temporal swallow kinematic events.

Swallow kinematic event	Definition
Bolus crosses mandible	The first frame in which the organized bolus head first reaches or crosses the plane of the ramus of the mandible and is associated with oral propulsion
Onset of hyoid movement	The first movement of hyoid leading to maximal hyolaryngeal excursion
Maximal hyoid displacement	The first frame in which the hyoid is at its maximally displaced position (superior and anterior) during the pharyngeal phase
Offset of hyoid movement	The first frame in which the hyoid is clear and in a stable position for at least two frames after descent at the end of the swallow (the bolus will typically have passed through the UES)
Laryngeal vestibular closure	The first frame in which no air or barium contrast is seen in the collapsed laryngeal vestibule
Laryngeal vestibular re-opening	The first frame in which the laryngeal vestibule reopens
UES opening	The first frame in which separation of the posterior and anterior walls of the UES has begun
UES closure	The first frame in which no column of air or barium contrast is seen separating the posterior and anterior walls of the UES

Note. UES = upper esophageal sphincter.