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. 2021 Jan 29;18(6):1423–1431. doi: 10.7150/ijms.55274

Figure 4.

Figure 4

(A) Representative cross sectional images of the urethral smooth muscles stained with Alexa 488 conjugated phalloidin (Pha; green fluorescence) and the sympathetic nerves stained with anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; red fluorescence) antibody. Compared to the control group, urethras in the DM group demonstrated higher TH expression in longitudinal smooth muscles, which was improved after Li-ESWT. (B) Representative cross sectional images of the urethral smooth muscles stained with Alexa 488 conjugated phalloidin (Pha; green fluorescence) and the nitric nerves stained with anti-neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; red fluorescence) antibody. Compared to the control group, urethras in the DM group showed lower nNOS expression in longitudinal smooth muscles, which was improved after Li-ESWT. (C) Representative images of the bladder suburothelium stained with anti-collagen IV (Col IV; red fluorescence) antibody. Compared to the normal controls, dilations and deformities of suburothelium capillary network were noted in the DM rats, which were improved after Li-ESWT. All the tissue sections were counterstained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; blue fluorescence) to identify the cell nuclei.