. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 19.

Published in final edited form as: Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2013 Oct 10;28(1):23–31. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12085

Table 4.

Population attributable risk percent of preterm birth, small for gestational age for mortality during early neonatal, neonatal, and infant mortality

	Early neonatal death pPAR% [95% CI]^a,b	Neonatal death pPAR% [95% CI]^a,b	Infant death pPAR% [95% CI]^a,b
Early preterm	14.1 [12.6, 15.5]	14.9 [13.1, 16.8]	15.7 [15.3, 16.1]
Late preterm	5.7 [2.6, 8.8]	6.6 [4.0, 9.2]	6.0 [4.1, 7.9]
Preterm	19.8 [14.2, 24.5]	21.5 [17.2, 25.8]	21.7 [19.0, 24.4]
Severe SGA	18.1 [11.9, 24.3]	18.9 [13.0, 24.7]	12.2 [3.8, 20.4]
Moderate SGA	6.8 [2.0, 11.5]	7.5 [2.8, 12.1]	5.1 [2.2, 7.9]
SGA	24.9 [14.4, 34.8]	26.3 [16.3, 35.9]	17.3 [4.7, 29.3]
Preterm and SGA	43.1 [29.5, 54.9]	45.9 [33.3, 56.9]	38.2 [24.1, 50.7]

All models included early preterm, late preterm, severe SGA, moderate SGA, and interaction terms between preterm and SGA variables. The variable for which pPAR% was estimated was treated as modifiable variable in the respective models; the remaining variables were treated as fixed variables.

Adjusted for maternal age (<20, 20–24, 25–29, and ≥30 years), BMI (<18.5, 18.6–24.99, 25–29.99, and >30 kg/m²), height (<145, 145–149, 150–154, and ≥155 cm), hemoglobin level (<8.5, 8.5–11, and ≥11 g/dL), marital status (married, cohabiting, poly married, and unmarried), parity (0, 1, 2, and ≥3), maternal smoking (ever and never smoker), maternal education (0–4, 5–7, 8–11, and ≥12 years), household possession (0, 1–3, and ≥3), and multivitamin intake (iron and folate only, multivitamin with iron and folate).pPAR%, partial population attributable risk percent; SGA, small for gestational age.