. 2020 Nov 11;599(4):1067–1081. doi: 10.1113/JP280318

Table 1.

Group averages (n = 11) of measured and analysed parameters before spaceflight, after spaceflight and after recovery

Pre(L−3/6m)

Post(R+0/3d)

Rec(R+1/6m)

P value

Mean MCAv

Supine

61.4 ± 11.9

69.3 ± 7.7 ^*#

62.6 ± 13.1

0.007

(cm/s)

Sitting

57.3 ± 12.1

63.1 ± 8.7

58.2 ± 12.7

0.055

MAP_heart

Supine

84.9 ± 9.6

83.4 ± 8.0

86.6 ± 10.0

0.450

(mmHg)

Sitting

83.1 ± 10.3

82.9 ± 6.3

78.1 ± 11.9

0.192

MAP_MCA

Supine

equals MAP_Heart

‐

(mmHg)

Sitting

58.3 ± 7.9

58 ± 7.6

55.1 ± 10.5

0.409

nICP

Supine

12.2 ± 2.1

11.0 ± 2.8

12.2 ± 2.1

0.139

(mmHg)

Sitting

7.4 ± 2.4

6.7 ± 1.4

6.2 ± 2.1

0.252

Supine

60.1 ± 8.1

66.2 ± 6.8 ^*#

61.3 ± 7.9

0.001

(bpm)

Sitting

62.8 ± 8.6

66.6 ± 6.9

63.3 ± 8.5

0.061

RespR

Supine

13.3 ± 3.2

14.8 ± 3.3

13.8 ± 3.2

0.158

(/min)

Sitting

13.7 ± 3.1

15.8 ± 2.4 ^*#

14.7 ± 2.4

0.009 (F)

P_{ETC O_{2}}

Supine

38.1 ± 2.1

38.3 ± 2.2

37.7 ± 2.8

0.761 (F)

(mmHg)

Sitting

36.2 ± 1.9

36.5 ± 2.1

36.3 ± 2.6

0.909

Pre(L−3/6m), 3–6 months before launch; Post(R+0/3d), 0–3 days after landing; Rec(R+1/6m), 1–6 months after landing P value, one‐way repeated measures ANOVA for differences at three time points for n = 11, (F), Friedman test; ^* P < 0.05 vs. Pre(L−3/6m), ^# P < 0.05 vs. Rec(R+1/6m). Abbreviations: mean MCAv, mean cerebral blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery; MAP_heart, mean arterial blood pressure at heart level; MAP_MCA, mean arterial blood pressure at the middle cerebral artery level; nICP, non‐invasively estimated intracranial pressure; HR, heart rate; RespR, respiratory rate; $P_{ETC O_{2}}$ , end‐tidal carbon dioxide pressure.