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. 2021 Feb 19;129(2):027005. doi: 10.1289/EHP7297

Figure 3.

Figures 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D are a set of morphology images of human cytotrophoblasts, and Figure 3E is a bar graph. In Figures 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D, images of human cytotrophoblasts, the effects of bisphenol S on phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor with 50 micrometers are depicted. Epidermal growth factor is exposed to 100 nanograms per milliliter alexa fluor 647-labeled epidermal growth factor (Figure 3A); bisphenol S plus epidermal growth factor is exposed to 1 microgram per milliliter bisphenol S plus 100 nanograms per milliliter epidermal growth factor (Figure 3B); bisphenol S 10 plus epidermal growth factor is exposed to 10 micrograms per milliliter bisphenol S plus 100 nanograms per milliliter epidermal growth factor (Figure 3C); and epidermal growth factor plus epidermal growth factor is exposed to 100 nanograms per milliliter nonlabled epidermal growth factor plus 100 nanograms per milliliter epidermal growth factor (Figure 3D). The cells were exposed for 5 minutes. Figure 3E is a bar graph titled human cytotrophoblasts plotting relative phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor abundance, ranging from 0 to 120 in increments of 20 (y-axis) across epidermal growth factor, bisphenol S 1 plus epidermal growth factor, bisphenol S 10 plus epidermal growth factor, and epidermal growth factor plus epidermal growth factor (x-axis).

Effect of BPS on p-EGFR in human cytotrophoblasts (hCTBs). (A–D) Representative images and (E) quantification of p-EGFR (mean±SEM) of hCTBs immunostained against p-EGFR following exposure to EGF* (100 ng/mL Alexa Fluor 647-labeled EGF) (A); BPS1+EGF* (1μg/mL BPS+100 ng/mL EGF*) (B); BPS10+EGF* (10μg/mL BPS+100 ng/mL EGF*) (C); and EGF+EGF* (100 ng/mL nonlabeled EGF+100 ng/mL EGF*) (D). Images were taken 1 h after a 5-min exposure. n=3 replicates/group. A generalized linear model was used to compare treatments. Different letters denote statistical differences among treatment groups at p<0.05. Note: BPS, bisphenol S; EGF, epidermal growth factor; p-EGFR, phospho-EGF receptor; SEM, standard error of the mean.