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. 2020 Nov 13;73(2):606–624. doi: 10.1002/hep.31290

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2

Hepatic GPR55 is increased in different models of NAFLD in vivo and in vitro. GPR55 mRNA levels, GPR55 protein levels, H&E staining, and Sirius Red staining in the liver of (A) mice fed an HFD with 45%‐kcal fat content or an STD for 6, 12, and 52 weeks (n = 5‐14); (B) mice fed a CD‐HFD or STD for 6, 12, and 52 weeks (n = 5‐10); (C) mice fed a vHFD with 60%‐kcal fat content or an STD for 10 weeks (n = 9‐10); and (D) mice fed an MCD diet or an STD for 4 weeks (n = 7‐10 per group). (E) GPR55 mRNA levels in hepatocytes isolated from the liver of mice fed an MCD diet or STD for 4 weeks (n = 5 per group). (F) GPR55 mRNA levels in THLE2 cells cultured in oleic acid or BSA (n = 6). GAPDH and HPRT were used to normalize protein and mRNA levels. Dividing lines indicate splicing in the same gel. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical differences are denoted by *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. Abbreviations: BSA, bovine serum albumin; CD‐HFD, choline‐deficient HFD; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase; GPR55, G protein–coupled receptor 55; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; HFD, high‐fat diet; HPRT, hypoxanthine‐guanine phosphoribosyltransferase; MCD, methionine‐choline–deficient; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; STD, standard diet; vHFD, very HFD.