Table 4.

Results of Multiple Logistic Regression on Factors Associated with Components and Total Distress Diabetes (n=517)

Variable	Emotional Distress		Physician-Related Distress		Regimen-Related Distress		Interpersonal Distress		Total Distress
	OR (95%Cl)	p-value	OR (95%Cl)	p value	OR 95%Cl)	p value	OR (95%Cl)	p value	OR (95%Cl)	p value
Age
<60	Reference		-	-	Reference		Reference		Reference
≥60	0.7(0.4–0.9)	0.020*	-	-	0.5(0.3–0.8)	0.004*	0.7(0.3–1.54)	0.374	0.5(0.3–0.7)	0.001*
Timescale (Years)
<5	-		-	-	-		Reference		Reference
5–10	-		-	-	-	-	1.9(0.9–4.1)	0.073	1.8(1.1–2.9)	0.011*
>10	-		-	-	-		0.7(0.3–1.8)	0.432	1.4(0.8–2.4)	0.210
Marital status (single)	-		0.6 (0.3–0.9)	0.026*	-	-	-	-
Education
Primary school	0.5(0.3–0.8)	0.003*	0.4 (0.2–0.8)	0.006*	-	-	-	-
Secondary school	0.8 (0.5–1.2)	0.207	0.8 (0.4–1.4)	0.439	-	-	-	-
High school and higher	Reference		Reference		-	-	-	-
Occupation
Worker	-		-	-	Reference		Reference
Seller	-		-	-	0.4(0.2–0.9)	0.026*	0.3(0.1–1.1)	0.070
Retired/Housewife	-		-	-	0.5(0.3–0.9)	0.032*	0.4(0.2–0.8)	0.017*
Medication
Oral hypoglycemic drugs	0.6 (0.4–0.9)	0.018*	0.6 (0.4–1.1)	0.079	0.7(0.2–0.6)	0.159	-	-	0.6(0.4–1.1)	0.125
Insulin or combination	Reference		Reference		Reference		-	-	Reference
HbA1c (<7%)	0.6 (0.4–0.9)	0.030*	-	-	0.4(0.2–0.6)	<0.001**	0.4(0.2–0.9)	0.020*	0.5(0.3–0.9)	0.025*

Notes: “-” if multiple Logistic regression is not available, *p<0.05, **p<0.001.