Table 1.

Maternal sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics.

Maternal characteristics	N = 152
Gestational age (GA) at assessment (weeks gestation, M ± SD)
T0 – early gestation	12.3 ± 1.7
T1 – mid gestation	19.3 ± 1.3
T2 – late gestation	28.7 ± 1.3
Maternal age (years, M ± SD)	27.8 ± 5.5
Education (n, %)
Some high school or less	31 (21.7%)
Technical or vocational school or certificate	16 (11.2%)
Some college or associate degree	54 (37.8%)
Bachelor’s degree or higher	42 (29.4%)
Income (USD, n, %)
<15k	14 (10.4%)
15–50k	54 (40.3%)
50–100k	49 (36.6%)
>100k	17 (12.7%)
Race/ethnicity (n, %)
Non-Hispanic white	54 (38.8%)
Hispanic	53 (38.1%)
Others	32 (23.1%)
Pre-pregnancy BMI (M ± SD)	27.2 ± 6.4
Normal weight (< 25)	70 (47.3%)
Overweight (25 – 30)	40 (27.0%)
Obese (> 35)	38 (25.7%)
Obstetric characteristics
Obstetric risk factors (n, %)	16 (6.7%)
Severe infection	4 (2.7%)
Preeclampsia	3 (2.0%)
Diabetes	9 (2.0%)
Parity (n, %)
0	57 (40.1%)
1	38 (26.8%)
2	31 (21.8%)
>2	16 (11.3%)

Note. Due to rounding, some totals may not correspond with the sum of the separate figures.