Table 2.

Associations between Environmental Risk Factors with both Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms when Including PLEs in Models

	Child-Rated Internalizing Symptoms			Parent-Rated Internalizing Symptoms			Parent-Rated Externalizing Symptoms
Risk Factor	β	ta	FDR- corrected p	β	ta	FDR- corrected p	β	ta	FDR- corrected p
Urbanicity
Population Density	0.001	0.370	.83	0.005	1.584	.24	0.003	1.063	.70
Walkability	0.004	0.978	.73	0.000	−0.043	.99	0.002	0.464	.88
Perception of Neighborhood Safety	−0.002	−0.282	.83	−0.041	−4.780	<.001	−0.035	−4.271	<.001
Crime Exposure Indexes
Grand Total Offenses Exposure	0.000	−0.201	.84	−0.006	−2.708	.06	−0.002	−1.072	.70
Adult Violent Offenses Exposure	−0.001	−1.271	.73	0.000	−0.586	.73	0.000	−0.283	.88
Total Drug Offenses Exposure	0.000	−0.819	.73	−0.001	−1.386	.26	0.000	−0.694	.75
DUI Offenses Exposure	−0.001	−0.949	.73	0.000	−0.202	.95	0.000	0.284	.88
Deprivation
Overall Deprivation (ADI Percentile Score)	0.007	1.846	.47	−0.006	−1.224	.31	0.005	1.243	.70
Years at Residence	−0.005	−1.013	.73	−0.012	−1.918	.15	−0.025	−4.436	<.001
Rate of poverty	0.008	1.738	.47	−0.014	−2.545	.06	−0.004	−0.724	.75
Housing Age	−0.001	−0.295	.83	−0.010	−1.877	.15	−0.004	−0.935	.72
Environmental Toxins
2016 PM2.5 levels	0.001	0.489	.82	0.002	0.493	.76	−0.001	−0.175	.92
N02 levels	0.001	0.669	.78	−0.003	−1.864	.15	−0.003	−2.059	.22
Proximity to a major road	0.003	0.589	.79	0.008	1.460	.26	0.000	−0.049	.96
Estimated lead risk	0.003	0.790	.73	−0.012	−2.420	.07	−0.004	−0.879	.72

Abbreviations: PLEs=Psychotic-like Experiences; β=standardized regression coefficient; t=t-test test statistic; p=p-value; FDR=False Discovery Rate-corrected for multiple comparisons; ADI=Area Deprivation Index; DUI=driving under the influence; PM_2.5=particulate matter with inhalable particles with diameters generally 2.5 micrometers and smaller; N0₂=nitrogen dioxide. Significant estimates in bold.

^atwo-tailed.