Table 2.
Potential role of statins | Molecular mechanism of action | References |
---|---|---|
Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Entry | Modulation of CD-147 expression | [45] |
Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Replication | Interaction viral main protease (Mpro) | [46] |
Attenuating hyperinflammatory response and cytokine storms |
Modulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) and NOD-like receptor activities Reduction of IL-6 and IL-1β cytokines |
[49] [50] |
Modulating hypercoagulability | Decreased plasma levels of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) and plasma endothelin-1 concentrations | [53, 54] |
Mitigating lung injury | Increased expression of ACE2* | [41, 42] |
SARS-CoV-2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2, COVID-19 Coronavirus disease-2019, ARDS Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, IL-6 Interleukin-6, IL-1β Interleukin-1β
*Still controversial