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. 2021 Feb 19;11:4246. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81781-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Chronology of development stages of apical meristem during raceme formation. (A–D) Vegetative shoot apical meristem (SAM) at different developmental stages. Arrows indicate SAM and bract or leaf primordia (E) Inflorescence primordia initiation. (F,G) Floral primordia differentiation. AM is apical meristem. Arrows indicate floral meristem (H–J) Inflorescence elongation and differentiation of buds. Arrows indicate male and female bud (K–M) Lower floral whorls with (K) only male (RG 156) (L) only female (DPC 9) and (M) both male and female flowers (DCS 107). Sections are of ×40 magnification. (N–P) Scanning Electron Micrographs of shoot apical meristem (SAM) (N) SAM during vegetative growth (arrow) (O) Bract and/or leaf primordia (arrow). Asterisk indicates SAM. (P) SAM during inflorescence initiation. Arrow indicates floral meristem. Asterisk indicates inflorescence meristem. Scale bars are shown below.